Measurement of psychocultural distance: A comparison of American blacks and whites.

Szalay, Lorand B.; Bryson, Jean A.

doi:10.1037/h0034482

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(29 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Verbal associations collected in this way provide empirical data necessary for the assessment of basic units (nodes) of cognitive organization. This procedure was among others used for the following measurement: psychosocial distance toward American blacks and whites (Szalay and Bryson 1973), subjective meanings of culture between American and Chinese (Chow, Inn, and Szalay 1987), and cultural and ideological belief systems of Americans, Iranians, Koreans, Lebanese, and other groups (Szalay 1984) and also in consumer research on consumer goods Kernan 1988, 1991). The results of the comparative research conducted by Szalay and Bryson (1974) and related to the six methods of measuring similarity between objects described above suggest that all of them except semantic differential provide similar results.…”

Section: Methods Of Measuring the Similarities Between Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Political Branding: Political Candidates Positioning Based on Inter-Object Associative Affinity Index

Cwalina

Fałkowski

2014

Journal of Political Marketing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Methods Of Measuring the Similarities Between Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Political Branding: Political Candidates Positioning Based on Inter-Object Associative Affinity Index

Cwalina

Fałkowski

2014

Journal of Political Marketing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…For its current purpose as an organizing construct, however, the exact source of perceived intergroup difference is not of most importance. As Szalay and Bryson (1973) already noted, "in a culture analysis the autochthonous characteristics of culture A and B are in the center of interest; in the psychocultural distance, merely the degree of their similarity" (p. 169). We argue that people do indeed have quite a clear picture of differences among groups in a culturally diverse society-whatever characteristics they base this assessment on-which in turn organizes their attitudes about other groups as well as about preferred acculturation processes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Intergroup Difference as an Organizing Principle of Intercultural Attitudes and Acculturation Attitudes

Osch

Breugelmans

2011

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.-Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research -You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain -You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright, please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. AbstractThe present article forwards perceived intergroup difference as an organizing principle for both intercultural attitudes and acculturation attitudes. A study among 5,824 majority Dutch and five minority groups revealed that the position of a group on a dimension of perceived intergroup difference organized scores on a wide range of measures of intercultural attitudes and acculturation attitudes. Minority groups that were perceived by majority members as being more different from themselves received less support for multiculturalism, were seen as more threatening, were stereotyped as less warm and competent, were seen to adopt mainstream culture less and to maintain ethnic culture more, and showed more discordance between majority and minority preferences of acculturation strategies; minority groups that perceived themselves as more different from majority Dutch were more in favor of multiculturalism, held stronger ethnic identities, adopted mainstream culture less, and maintained minority culture more. The authors conclude that perceived intergroup difference may be an important organizer of intergroup relations in culturally diverse societies.

show abstract

“…Given such an analysis, the distance between two cultures can be inferred by comparing their representational systems (Szalay and Bryson 1973).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Implicit Culture and Psychocultural Distance

Szalay¹,

Maday

1983

American Anthropologist

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IMPLICIT CULTURE-THE DARK SIDE OF THE MOON"Culture is not an exotic notion studied by a select group of anthropologists in the South Seas. It is a mold in which we are all cast, and it controls our daily lives in many unsuspected ways" (Hall 1959:30),manyof which are"out-ofawareness" and therefore beyond the conscious control of the individual. What is outside of awareness is implicit, in contrast with the explicit and easily observable behavior readily described by thousands of anthropological studies. Implicit culture has been here all the time, like the dark side of the moon, but we have had neither the interest nor the research capabilities for its exploration. The concept of implicit culture refers to the psychological dispositions, perceptions, and motivations which are shared by people with similar backgrounds and experiences and which lend organization and direction to overt behavior. Its powerful influence and the hidden nature of this influence make the study of implicit culture particularly exciting and demanding.In a somewhat oversimplified way, we venture to say that if even a fraction of the influence anthropologists attribute to culture were to be taken seriously, every scholar and institution concerned with contemporary human problems would recognize the need for knowing human psychocultural dispositions. (Of course, they would have to rely, faute de mzewc, on what cultural anthropology offers.) Obviously, this is not the case at present, not because anthropologists are wrong about the power of cultural forces or because these forces do not impinge on various domains of life, but because these forces are hidden (subconscious). Thus, it would appear that the ethnographic description of cultures is not an end but an important part of the larger task of discovery and description of both implicit and explicit culture. Now that observable behavior in many cultures has been described, the way is open for a new approach-the investigation of the factors that underlie and determine that behavior. Such a reorientation seems promising if only because of the virtually unlimited role that psychocultural dispositions play in all domains of human life and interpersonal or intergroup relations, from family to government.Many factors have discouraged behavioral scientists from undertaking studies of implicit culture. Some of these factors are: the tendency to underestimate the extent to which we share basic views, perspectives, and priorities with other members of our own culture; the tendency to assume that observable differences in physical appearance (e.g., skin pigmentation) or living conditions (e.g., rich, poor) within our own culture are indicators of major differences in world views; and the tendency to underestimate the depth and scope of differences in world views between people of different cultures. The consequences of these tendencies are frequently additive in undesirable ways.

show abstract

Measurement of psychocultural distance: A comparison of American blacks and whites.

Cited by 29 publications

References 24 publications

Political Branding: Political Candidates Positioning Based on Inter-Object Associative Affinity Index

Political Branding: Political Candidates Positioning Based on Inter-Object Associative Affinity Index

Perceived Intergroup Difference as an Organizing Principle of Intercultural Attitudes and Acculturation Attitudes

Implicit Culture and Psychocultural Distance

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About