Measurement of prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time in citrated whole blood samples from clinically ill dogs following storage

Maunder, Christina; Costa, Marta T; Cue, SM; Crawford, EM; Papasouliotis, Kostas; Murphy, Kate

doi:10.1111/j.1748-5827.2012.01255.x

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Most of these studies investigated patients on VKA, even though some evaluated that parameter in healthy individuals or in patients with hepatitis . It could be mentioned that such a stability of PT over time was also reported in samples collected from ill dogs that were evaluated after a delay of 24 or 48 hours …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of different storage times at room temperature of unspun citrated blood samples on routine coagulation tests results. Results of a bicenter study and review of the literature

Toulon

Metge²,

Hangard³

et al. 2017

Int J Lab Hematology

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Summary Introduction A maximum delay between blood collection and coagulation testing of 4 hours is recommended by most guidelines. As information on optimal storage times is limited, we investigated the potential effect of different storage times of unspun tubes, that is, ≤2, 4, 6, and 8 hours, on routine coagulation test results. Methods Four evacuated polymer tubes containing 0.109 mol/L tri‐Na citrate were drawn from 144 patients, including 39 patients on vitamin K‐antagonists. Except for storage time, all tubes underwent the same preanalytical process. Prothrombin time (PT)/international normalized ratio (INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen, factor V (FV), FVIII, and D‐dimer were evaluated in two centers using the same technical conditions. Results Analytical comparison of aPTT, fibrinogen, FV, and FVIII results evaluated after prolonged storage times vs a <2‐hours storage demonstrated significant difference, whereas PT/INR and D‐dimer remained unchanged up to 8 hours. Mean bias between test results obtained after prolonged storage times remained below the desirable values for all studied parameters except for FVIII evaluated after 6‐ and 8‐hours storages, but only in patients with FVIII above 100 IU/dL. Even though the corresponding bias of −5.2% and −8.5%, respectively, remained within the GEHT recommended limits of variation, its evaluation after an 8‐hours storage could lead to significant underestimation of FVIII. Conclusion These results suggest that, in the studied technical conditions, PT/INR, aPTT, fibrinogen, FV, and D‐dimer can be reliably evaluated in tubes stored unspun at room temperature for up to 8 hours after blood collection. That optimal delay should be of 6 hours for FVIII.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of different storage times at room temperature of unspun citrated blood samples on routine coagulation tests results. Results of a bicenter study and review of the literature

Toulon

Metge²,

Hangard³

et al. 2017

Int J Lab Hematology

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“…The prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) coagulation tests have been reported to be positively correlated with R values 36 . PT and aPTT have also been shown to be respectively prolonged and shortened over 24 hours of citrated whole blood storage at RT in dogs, but remained unchanged in blood stored at FT 37,38 . Some coagulation activation via the contact pathway is expected during sample collection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…shown to be respectively prolonged and shortened over 24 hours of citrated whole blood storage at RT in dogs, but remained unchanged in blood stored at FT. 37,38 [41][42][43] Secondly, platelet metabolic activity drops due to a decrease in anaerobic glycolysis. 44 Thirdly, aggregation and clot strength have been shown to be enhanced by cold temperatures in multiple in vitro and in vivo studies, [45][46][47][48][49] 53 These two studies also did not compare results to baseline 30-minute values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of storage time and temperature on thromboelastographic analysis in dogs and horses

Lemon

Goddard

Hooijberg

2021

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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Background: The accessibility of thromboelastography (TEG) to general practitioners is limited by short sample storage times (30 minutes) and storage temperatures (20-23°C). Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the stability of canine and equine citrated blood samples when stored for extended periods of time, both at room temperature (RT) (20-23°C) and refrigerator temperature (FT) (2-7.5°C). Methods: Citrated whole blood samples from healthy dogs and horses (n = 10 for each) were stored for 30 minutes (baseline) at RT before TEG analysis. Baseline values for TEG variables R, K, α, MA, LY30, and LY60 were compared with those from samples stored for 2, 8, and 22.5 h, at RT and FT. Results were compared using an ANOVA (P < .05). Total allowable analytical error (TE a) based on biological variation data was used to evaluate stability. Results: In dogs, statistically significant differences included shorter R, longer K, decreased MA, and increased LY60 at various time points and storage temperatures from 2 h onward. Only samples stored for 2 h at FT showed acceptable stability compared with TE a. In horses, statistically significant differences included shorter R and K, and decreased α, LY30, and LY60 at various time points and storage temperatures from 2 h onward. Samples were not stable at any time compared with TE a , regardless of the temperature. Conclusions: In this study, canine samples could be stored for up to 2 h at FT without affecting TEG results; equine samples should be stored for 30 minutes at RT.

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“…A similar finding was reported previously in a study of 40 sick dogs that had coagulation panels performed, with the median PT being slightly below the RI and median aPTT within RI. 30 In a 2015 study of human patients undergoing elective surgery, PT and aPTT tests were found to be of low yield, given only 6–7%, respectively, were prolonged. 3 Our results suggest that CWA could complement SCT data, potentially contributing novel information to the laboratory evaluation of dogs with coagulation disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective comparison of standard clotting tests and novel clot waveform parameters in dogs using the turbidimetric ACL-TOP CTS 300 coagulation analyzer

et al. 2018

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Clot waveforms are generated by coagulation analyzers, such as the ACL-TOP, that utilize photo-optical turbidimetric methods to measure prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), which are standard clotting tests (SCTs). Additional quantitative clot waveform analysis (CWA) parameters include maximum velocity of the PT curve (PT1d), maximum acceleration of the aPTT curve (aPTT2d), and their change in optical density (ODdelta). We explored the potential for CWA to contribute unique information compared to SCTs and quantitative fibrinogen assay (QFA) in dogs with clinical indications for laboratory evaluation of coagulation. We retrospectively evaluated the frequency and agreement between normal, high, and low values of CWA and SCTs for 203 dogs relative to reference intervals (RIs). Most dogs had SCTs within RIs, but most CWA values were high regardless of whether SCT values were within, below, or above the RI. Agreement between SCTs and CWA was slight (kappa <30%). Clinically significant bleeding was noted in 28 of 203 (14%) dogs. SCTs were not different between bleeders and non-bleeders. Median QFA, PT1d, aPTTdelta, and aPTT2d values were statistically significantly higher than RIs in non-bleeders compared to bleeders, whose median values were not below RI. Compared with SCTs, CWA identified differences between the 2 groups. However, wide overlap between the 2 groups limits the use of CWA to clinically discriminate between bleeders and non-bleeders in a heterogeneous population of dogs. Further studies on the diagnostic utility of CWA in coagulopathic dogs are needed.

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Measurement of prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time in citrated whole blood samples from clinically ill dogs following storage

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Impact of different storage times at room temperature of unspun citrated blood samples on routine coagulation tests results. Results of a bicenter study and review of the literature

Impact of different storage times at room temperature of unspun citrated blood samples on routine coagulation tests results. Results of a bicenter study and review of the literature

Effects of storage time and temperature on thromboelastographic analysis in dogs and horses

Retrospective comparison of standard clotting tests and novel clot waveform parameters in dogs using the turbidimetric ACL-TOP CTS 300 coagulation analyzer

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