Measurement of outcomes, mediators, and moderators in behavioral obesity prevention research

Baranowski, Thomas

doi:10.1016/s0091-7435(04)00044-1

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Previous cross‐sectional analyses of baseline data indicated that, after controlling for SES, BMI, age, field center differences, and total intake of kilocalories, physical activity and percentage kilocalories from fat were negatively related, suggesting that the physically active girls in this sample consumed lower fat diets (20). The uniformly low relationships in this study between the dietary and physical activity change variables could be the result of low reliability of assessment, which attenuates true relationships (48); therefore, a larger sample size, more days of measurement, and an interval of observation longer than 12 weeks may be necessary to detect relatively weak relationships. It is also possible that these relationships occur only at higher levels of change in physical activity or dietary intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Covariability in Diet and Physical Activity in African‐American Girls

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Covariability in diet and physical activity in African-American girls. Obes Res. 2004;12:46S-54S. Objective: Our goal was to examine 12-week covariability in diet and physical activity changes among 8-to 10-yearold African-American girls and if these changes predicted percent change in BMI. Research Methods and Procedures: Covariability among percent changes [(post Ϫ pre)/pre ϫ 100] in nutrients, food groups, and physical activity was assessed among 127 8-to 10-year-old African-American girls. Pearson correlation and hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed. Results: Percent change in percentage kilocalories from carbohydrate was negatively correlated with percent change in both percentage kilocalories from fat (r ϭ Ϫ0.85; p Յ 0.01) and protein (r ϭ Ϫ0.51; p Յ 0.01). No statistically significant relationships were observed in percent changes among food group variables. Negative relationships were observed between percent changes in fruit/100% juice and percentage kilocalories from fat (r ϭ Ϫ0.20; p Յ 0.05) and between percent changes in minutes of moderate-to-vigorous and sedentary activity (r ϭ Ϫ0.60; p Յ 0.01). No significant associations were observed between percent change in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and diet variables or percent change in BMI or waist circumference and percent change in diet or physical activity. Discussion: No relationships were observed between percent changes in physical activity and dietary variables.Percent change in diet and/or physical activity did not predict percent change in BMI. This may have been due to the small sample size, the small changes in diet or physical activity, the short duration of the intervention, or because data from different interventions were combined. Understanding these relationships could have significant implications for addressing the obesity epidemic.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Covariability in Diet and Physical Activity in African‐American Girls

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Work by Dishman and colleagues (2005) demonstrated that enjoyment of PA (measured utilizing the PACES) mediated the effect of a PA promotion intervention on PA behavior in adolescent youth. This recent work of Dishman and colleagues is some of the first to answer the call of numerous authors (Baranowski, Klesges, Cullen, & Himes, 2004; Bauman, Sallis, Dzewaltowski, & Owen, 2002; Lewis et al, 2002) that future studies should investigate mediators and moderators in PA behavioral research. .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Measuring Enjoyment of Physical Activity in Children: Validation of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale

Moore

Yin

Hanes

et al. 2009

Journal of Applied Sport Psychology

185

131

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study sought to determine the reliability and validity of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) in elementary school children. The sample consisted of 564 3rd grade students (M age = 8.72 ± .54; 268 male, 296 female) surveyed at the beginning of the fall semester. Results indicated that the PACES displayed good internal consistency and item-total correlations. Confirmatory factor analyses supported a unidimensional factor structure. Scores on the PACES were significantly correlated with task goal orientation (r = .65, p < .01), athletic competence (r = .23, p < .01), physical appearance (r = .20, p < .01), and self-reported physical activity (r = .16, p < .01). However, results of invariance analysis suggested the factor structure is variant across sex. The present findings suggest support for the validity of the PACES as a valid measure of enjoyment of physical activity in children; nevertheless, further research examining the invariance of the factor structure across sex is warranted.

show abstract

“…Baranowski et al highlighted the importance of identifying mediators to the evolution of health behavior theory (Baranowski, Klesges, Cullen, & Himes, 2004). Mediators are the hypothesized causal mechanisms of an intervention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examining the function of theoretical variables can lead to elimination of poor explanatory mechanisms. Advances may be made from critical tests of the assumptions of theories, comparison of the predictive ability of two or more theories, and the identification of new variables to extend current models (Baranowski et al, 2004; Nigg, Allegrante, & Ory, 2002). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconceptualizing decisional balance in an adolescent sun protection intervention: Mediating effects and theoretical interpretations.

Adams¹,

Norman²,

Hovell³

et al. 2009

Health Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Transtheoretical model (TTM) integrates principles of operant learning, such as stimulus control and reinforcement, and psychological factors, such as decisional balance. Understanding interrelationships between decisions, behavior, and consequences from multiple theoretical perspectives can advance theory and inform development of more effective interventions. This analysis examined the mediating effects of a special case of the decisional balance construct where the pros of competing behaviors (i.e. sun protection vs. exposure) were measured rather than the pros and cons of the same behavior. Participants included 819 adolescents (10-16 yrs old, 53.5% girls, 58.4% Caucasian) randomized to a 24-month expert system intervention (Sunsmart) or a physical activity and nutrition comparison group. Self-report measures included sun protection behaviors, pros for protection, and pros for exposure. Mediation analysis using latent growth curve models found both the treatment-to-mediator and mediator-to-behavior paths significant for decisional balance, producing an indirect effect of .323 (p < .01) and good model fit (CFI=.973, RMSEA=.055). Multiple strategies for conceptualizing and measuring decisional balance appear to be valid. Results are interpreted from the TTM and operant perspectives.

show abstract

Measurement of outcomes, mediators, and moderators in behavioral obesity prevention research

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Covariability in Diet and Physical Activity in African‐American Girls

Covariability in Diet and Physical Activity in African‐American Girls

Measuring Enjoyment of Physical Activity in Children: Validation of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale

Reconceptualizing decisional balance in an adolescent sun protection intervention: Mediating effects and theoretical interpretations.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About