Measurement of ornidazole by high-performance liquid chromatography

Merdjan, Henri; Bonnat, C; Singlas, E; Diquet, Bertrand

doi:10.1016/s0378-4347(00)80974-3

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In this study, the lower limit of detection was 0.5 ,ug/ml for plasma samples and 0.5 ,ug/g for tissue samples, and the percentage of antibiotic recovery was 98%. Recovery was determined by using the method described by Merdjan and co-workers (17). Within-day and between-day repeatability was assayed for three different concentrations of omidazole (5, 10, and 25 ,ug/ml), with coefficients of variation of 1.5, 1.5, and 2.3%, respectively, for the withinday variation and 3.9, 2.1, and 2.8%, respectively, for the between-day repeatability assays.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of a single dose of ornidazole (1,000 milligrams intravenously) for antibiotic prophylaxis in colorectal surgery

Martin

Bruguerolle

Mallet

et al. 1990

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Levels in serum and tissue penetration of ornidazole were studied after a single intravenous injection of 1,000 mg given to 14 patients for prophylaxis of surgical infection. They were scheduled for elective colorectal surgery. Adequate levels in blood (2MIC for 90% of Bacteroides fragilis strains tested) were found in all patients throughout the procedure and up to hour 24. Mean-maximal (15 min) and last-determined (24 h) ornidazole levels in serum were 24 5.2 and 6.3 1.4 mg/liter, respectively. 13-Phase elimination half-life was 14.1 + 2.7 h, and clearance and apparent volume of distribution were 47 + 12 ml/min and 0.9 + 0.13 liters/kg, respectively. In all patients, adequate levels in tissue were found in the abdominal wall and the epiploic fat at time of incision and in the colonic wall at time of anastomosis. At time of closure, all but one patient had adequate levels in tissue in the abdominal wall and the epiploic fat. No anaerobic nor aerobic infection occurred in the study patients.The benefit of short-term antimicrobial courses for prevention of postoperative infection has been demonstrated for selected surgical procedures, among them colorectal surgery (4,11,23). Antimicrobial agents for prophylaxis should be selected on the basis of their spectrum of activity against pathogens most likely to contaminate the surgical wound (11). Since Bacteroides fragilis and other anaerobic bacteria are among the main pathogens encountered in infections after colorectal surgery, antibiotics with a spectrum of activity extended to these organisms are usually advocated (1). Antibiotic regimens which do not eliminate anaerobic fecal pathogens fail to control postoperative septic complications of colorectal operations (5, 13).Nitroimidazole derivatives such as metronidazole are commonly used in this situation (3,8,12,22 MATERIALS AND METHODSThis study received the approval of the ethical committee of our institution, and all patients gave their informed consent. Fourteen patients were scheduled for elective rectal or colonic surgery. They were 10 men and 4 women with a mean age of 66 5 years and a mean weight of 67 + 8 kg. None had a history of allergic reaction to ornidazole. All patients had normal renal and hepatic function. They had a 2-day mechanical bowel preparation consisting of low-residue diet, purgation, and bowel washouts in the evening. Patients did not present any clinical or laboratory signs of infection and were not receiving any antibiotic therapy before surgery. Before induction of anesthesia, patients were given a single dose of 1,000 mg of ornidazole intravenously (i.v.) administered over 30 min via an arm catheter, at a constant flow rate with an automatic pump. Blood samples were collected from a central venous line (right internal jugular vein) before ornidazole injection and 15 min (maximum concentration), 45 min, and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, and 24

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confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of a single dose of ornidazole (1,000 milligrams intravenously) for antibiotic prophylaxis in colorectal surgery

Martin

Bruguerolle

Mallet

et al. 1990

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Ornidazole assay Plasma and peritoneal ornidazole concentrations were determined by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography according to the method proposed by Merdjan et al (1983). The detection limit was 0.2 mg/I.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of ornidazole in patients with renal insufficiency; influence of haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.

Merdjan¹,

Baumelou²,

Diquet³

et al. 1985

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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The pharmacokinetics of ornidazole (Tiberal) was studied after intravenous administration of a single 500 mg dose in eight patients with advanced chronic renal failure (ACRF) (creatinine clearance 2‐16 ml/min), in seven patients treated by haemodialysis (residual renal creatinine clearance 0‐5 ml/min) and in five patients treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) (residual renal creatinine clearance 0‐6 ml/min). In ACRF patients, the half‐life of ornidazole was 10.8 +/‐ 1.4 h, the total plasma clearance 46.3 +/‐ 2.3 ml/min and the volume of distribution 0.73 +/‐ 0.06 l/kg. During haemodialysis, ornidazole was partly removed: the dialyser extraction ratio was 42 +/‐ 5% and the dialysis clearance 64 +/‐ 7 ml/min. During CAPD, peritoneal excretion was low: the dialysis clearance was 3.0 +/‐ 0.4 ml/min and in 48 h 6.0 +/‐ 1.1% of the administered dose was found in the peritoneal fluids. In these patients, the half‐life of ornidazole was 11.8 +/‐ 0.8 h and total plasma clearance was 48.3 +/‐ 5.5 ml/min, values which were close to those determined in non dialysed patients. In patients with end‐stage renal disease, the half‐life of ornidazole is comparable to that of subjects with normal renal function. This is due to the predominantly extra‐renal elimination of the drug. Therefore, there is no need to modify the usual dosage of ornidazole for these patients. Because of the large elimination of the drug during haemodialysis it is necessary to administer the drug after the dialysis session.

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Quantitative assay of metronidazole by capillary zone electrophoresis with amperometric detection at a gold microelectrode

Jin

Li²,

2000

Electrophoresis

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Measurement of ornidazole by high-performance liquid chromatography

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

Pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of a single dose of ornidazole (1,000 milligrams intravenously) for antibiotic prophylaxis in colorectal surgery

Pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of a single dose of ornidazole (1,000 milligrams intravenously) for antibiotic prophylaxis in colorectal surgery

Pharmacokinetics of ornidazole in patients with renal insufficiency; influence of haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.

Quantitative assay of metronidazole by capillary zone electrophoresis with amperometric detection at a gold microelectrode

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