Measurement of Differences in Red Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Photosynthetic Activity between Sun and Shade Leaves by Fluorescence Imaging

Lichtenthaler, H. K.; Babani, Fatbardha; Langsdorf, Gabriele; Buschmann, Claus

doi:10.1023/a:1012453205740

Cited by 67 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Some of our results indicated shade adaptation in red leaves (see reviews by Anderson 1986, Lambers et al 1998and Lichtenthaler et al 2000. For example, red leaves of P. cerasifera were thinner and had a lower LMA, stomatal frequency, chl a:b ratio and area-based net photosynthetic rate, and a considerably reduced apparent carboxylation efficiency compared with green leaves (Tables 1, 2 and 5 and Figure 2).…”

Section: Properties Of Red Leaves Are Partly Compatible With the Classupporting

confidence: 52%

Leaf morphological and physiological adjustments to the spectrally selective shade imposed by anthocyanins in Prunus cerasifera

2007

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Prunus domestica L. has green leaves, whereas Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. var. atropurpurea has red leaves due to the presence of mesophyll anthocyanins. We compared morphological and photosynthetic characteristics of leaves of these species, which were sampled from shoots grafted in pairs on P. domestica rootstocks, each pair comprising one shoot of each species. Two hypotheses were tested: (1) anthocyanins protect red leaves against photoinhibition; and (2) red leaves display shade characteristics because of light attenuation by anthocyanins. Parameters were measured seasonally, during a period of increasing water stress, which caused a similar drop in shoot water potential in each species. As judged by predawn measurements of maximum PSII yield, chronic photoinhibition did not develop in either species and, despite the anthocyanic screen, the red leaves of P. cerasifera displayed lower light-adapted PSII yields and higher non-photochemical quenching than the green leaves of P. domestica. Thus, it appears that, in this system, anthocyanins afford little photoprotection. As predicted by the shade acclimation hypothesis, red leaves were thinner and had a lower stomatal frequency, area- based CO2 assimilation rate, apparent carboxylation efficiency and chlorophyll a:b ratio than green leaves. However, red leaves were similar to green leaves in conductivity to water vapor diffusion, dry-mass-based chlorophyll concentrations and carotenoid:chlorophyll ratios. The data for red leaves indicate adaptations to a green-depleted, red-enriched shade, rather than a neutral or canopy-like shade. Thus, green light attenuation by anthocyanins may impose a limitation on leaf thickness. Moreover, the selective depletion of light at wavelengths that are preferentially absorbed by PSII and chlorophyll b may lead to adjustments in chlorophyll pigment ratios to compensate for the uneven spectral distribution of internal light. The apparent photosynthetic cost associated with lost photons and reduced leaf thickness, and the absence of a photoprotective advantage, suggest that there are other, yet to be identified, benefits for permanently anthocyanic leaves of P. cerasifera.

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Section: Properties Of Red Leaves Are Partly Compatible With the Classupporting

confidence: 52%

Leaf morphological and physiological adjustments to the spectrally selective shade imposed by anthocyanins in Prunus cerasifera

2007

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“…Because the impact of CMV on leaf physiology was minor compared to powdery mildew and CGMMV, and healthy leaves were exposed to natural senescence processes, no significant differences could be found on the last assessment date. Given that chlorophyll fluorescence is an indicator for photosynthetic efficiency (Lichtenthaler et al ., ), this is a preferable method to destructive chlorophyll extraction for the assessment of plant vitality. This was affirmed by Bürling et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusion of sensor data for the detection and differentiation of plant diseases in cucumber

et al. 2014

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The development of plant diseases is associated with biophysical and biochemical changes in host plants. Various sensor methods have been used and assessed as alternative diagnostic tools under greenhouse conditions. Changes in photosynthetic activity, spectral reflectance and transpiration rate of diseased leaves, inoculated with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), and the powdery mildew fungus Sphaerotheca fuliginea were assessed by the use of non-invasive sensors during disease development. Spatiotemporal changes in leaf temperature related to transpiration were visualized by digital infrared thermography. The maximum temperature difference within a leaf was an appropriate parameter to differentiate between healthy and diseased plants. The photosynthetic activity of healthy and diseased cucumber plants varied as measured by chlorophyll fluorescence and compared to the actual chlorophyll content. Hyperspectral imaging data were analysed using spectral vegetation indices. The results from this study confirm that each pathogen has a characteristic influence on the physiology and vitality of cucumber plants, which can be measured by a combination of non-invasive sensors. Whereas thermography and chlorophyll fluorescence are unspecific indicators for plant diseases, hyperspectral imaging offers the potential for an identification of plant diseases. In a sensor data fusion approach, an early detection of each pathogen was possible by discriminant analysis. Although it still needs to be validated under real conditions, the combination of information from different sensors seems to be a promising tool.

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“…By contrast, the 'vitality index' RFd was rather similar between GFP-expressing and control leaves, being 97.0% the value of controls in the transformed variant. Although it is pointed out by Roháček (2002) that the interpretation of RFd is controversial, because it requires knowledge of principal Chl fluorescence parameters, it has been used successfully in ecophysiological studies as a measure of photosynthetic activity or has been linked to CO2 assimilation rates (Lichtenthaler et al 1984(Lichtenthaler et al , 2000Lichtenthaler 1990). If interpreted in the latter respect, the RFd values correspond well with the lack of any effect of GFP on yield and growth of plants in field experiments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Special issue in honour of Prof. Reto J. Strasser - Chlorophyll fluorescence of Nicotiana tabacum expressing the green fluorescent protein

Keutgen¹,

Tomaszewska-Sowa²,

Keutgen³

2020

Photosynt.

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Evidence that the green fluorescence protein (GFP) develops a significant toxicity in plants has not been found, but it may represent a source of free radicals as a consequence of its fluorescence. In addition, green light is known to trigger the acclimatisation of the photosynthetic system towards a shady environment. Moreover, the light-harvesting system may acclimate to an increased availability of green light. Each of these effects may be induced by the GFP. Therefore, the hypothesis was tested, whether transformation of Nicotiana tabacum cv. Bursan to express the GFP could affect chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. The analysis revealed a significantly lower absorption of energy per excited cross section in GFP-transformed tobacco, a lower number of active reaction centres per excited cross section, a larger absorption and trapped energy flux leading to the reduction of the primary quinone electron acceptor of PSII per reaction centre, and a lower variable fluorescence.

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Measurement of Differences in Red Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Photosynthetic Activity between Sun and Shade Leaves by Fluorescence Imaging

Cited by 67 publications

References 26 publications

Leaf morphological and physiological adjustments to the spectrally selective shade imposed by anthocyanins in Prunus cerasifera

Leaf morphological and physiological adjustments to the spectrally selective shade imposed by anthocyanins in Prunus cerasifera

Fusion of sensor data for the detection and differentiation of plant diseases in cucumber

Special issue in honour of Prof. Reto J. Strasser - Chlorophyll fluorescence of Nicotiana tabacum expressing the green fluorescent protein

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