Measurement of androgen and estrogen receptors in breast tissue from subjects with anabolic steroid-dependent gynecomastia

Calzada, L; Torres-Calleja, Jorge; Jm, Martínez Carretero; Pedrón, Nieves

doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(01)01227-9

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…increased conversion of the estrogen precursors in the estrogens in breast glandular tissue or the glands’ oversensitivity to a normal concentration of estrogens in blood [2]. Studies on the primary cause of gynecomastia involved measurements of the level of the following hormones in blood: human prolactin, thyroxine, cortisol, human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG), leptin, growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor and of receptors for estradiol, androgens, β-hCG, prolactin, and luteotropin in the tissue of men’s breast glands [4-6]. There are also studies suggesting that a microsatellite polymorphism in intron 4 of the CYP19 gene and a mutation of the CYP17A1 gene can cause gynecomastia [7-9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is There a Rationale behind Pharmacotherapy in Idiopathic Gynecomastia?

2018

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Background/Aims: The aim of this research was to analyze digit ratio in relation to estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression and to verify digit ratio (2D: 4D) as a marker of ER and PR overexpression in the male breast. Methods: This study included 35 patients who underwent breast reduction due to the idiopathic form of gynecomastia. The average age of the studied individuals was 25.7 years (SD = 7.8). ER and PR expression was detected in breasts, and digit ratios were calculated in patients with idiopathic gynecomastia. Results: ER expression did not correlate with the right (p = 0.51) and left 2D: 4D (p = 0.97). Also, there was no correlation between PR expression and 2D: 4D. A lack of correlation between these variables may result from the fact that the analyzed group of men with idiopathic gynecomastia was small in number, but at the same time, it appeared to be homogenous in these aspects (positive ER and/or PR expression and high digit ratio). Conclusion: High digit ratio in men with gynecomastia may tend to be a marker of overexpression of ER and PR. This may justify an early use of tamoxifen in men with gynecomastia and a high digit ratio.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is There a Rationale behind Pharmacotherapy in Idiopathic Gynecomastia?

2018

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“…A variety of endocrinopathies, mostly as a result of an increased ratio of circulating estrogens to androgens, induce stimulation of breast tissue leading to gynecomastia. Calzada et al showed that the presence of hormone receptors in gynecomastia may provide a setting favorable for mammary glands to develop gynecomastia [9]. The family history of our patient revealed gynecomastia on the father's side.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Bilateral gynecomastia: a report of one case

Cutrupi¹

2017

IJPN

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“…Calzada et al (11) administered anabolic steroids including nandrolone decanoate. Ropionate, phenilpropionate, isocaproate and testosterone decanoate to 12 bodybuilders over 6 months and compared steroid hormone levels in their blood with that of 10 healthy controls (11). In the bodybuilders, there was a >50% reduction in testosterone and LH and FSH levels were reduced by 23% and 13%, respectively compared with controls.…”

Section: Body Buildersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing Male Mammary Maladies

Fentiman¹

2018

Eur J Breast Health

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As an example of the spectrum of male breast disease, Singh et al. (2) reported cytological finding in a series of 119 men attending a breast clinic. Their results are summarised in Eur J Breast Health 2018; 14: 5-9 DOI: 10.5152/ejbh.2017.3841 5 ABSTRACTThis review examines the symptoms, need for referral and management of the benign breast conditions which afflict males, together with the steps that are necessary to exclude or confirm male breast cancer. The most common complaint is gynaecomastia, either true or pseudo, and the majority of these cases need reassurance without over-investigation. Drugs that induce breast enlargement are described in order that, when possible, a medication switch can be made. Men receiving endocrine therapy for prostate cancer may develop painful gynaecomastia and this can be relieved with tamoxifen. All men with breast cancer need mammography as part of their work-up but this should not be used as a screening technique for symptomatic males. Because of lack of lobular development, both cysts and fibroadenomas are very rare in men; but those with nipple discharge need referral and investigation as some will have underlying malignancy.

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Measurement of androgen and estrogen receptors in breast tissue from subjects with anabolic steroid-dependent gynecomastia

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Is There a Rationale behind Pharmacotherapy in Idiopathic Gynecomastia?

Is There a Rationale behind Pharmacotherapy in Idiopathic Gynecomastia?

Bilateral gynecomastia: a report of one case

Managing Male Mammary Maladies

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