Measurement Issues in the Empirical Study of Resilience

Luthar, Suniya S.; Cushing, Gretta

doi:10.1007/0-306-47167-1_7

Cited by 91 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Outros autores advertem para o perigo da utilização do somatório de itens de eventos de vida encontrados em escalas e instrumentos para definir um indivíduo de alto risco. É preciso considerar a heterogeneidade dos tipos de eventos que muitas vezes são classificados da mesma forma, além do que, muitas vezes o mais importante não é apenas saber se o respondente vivenciou determinada situação, mas também como o evento afetou o indivíduo Luthar & Cushing, 1999;Luthar & Zigler, 1991). Garmezy (1988) sugere que eventos agudos podem ser infinitamente mais desastrosos do que condições crônicas a que o indivíduo já está habituado.…”

Section: R P Pesce E Colsunclassified

Risco e proteção: em busca de um equilíbrio promotor de resiliência

Pesce

Assis

Santos

et al. 2004

Psic.: Teor. e Pesq.

136

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O artigo analisa a relação da resiliência com eventos de vida desfavoráveis e fatores de proteção. A amostra do estudo foi de 997 adolescentes escolares da rede pública de ensino de São Gonçalo/RJ. Como medida de resiliência utilizou-se a Escala de Resiliência desenvolvida por Wagnild e Young (1993). Para medir eventos de vida foram utilizadas escalas de violência física (Straus, 1979) e psicológica (Pitzner & Drummond, 1997), itens de violência na escola e na localidade, violência entre irmãos e entre pais, e violência sexual entre outros. Como fatores de proteção utilizou-se: Escala de Apoio Social de Shebourne e Stewart (conforme citado por Chor, Grip, Lopes & Farstein, 2001), Escala de Auto-Estima (Rosemberg, 1989), itens abordando supervisão familiar, relacionamento com amigos e professores. Os eventos de vida negativos não apresentaram relação com a resiliência, enquanto os fatores de proteção mostraram-se todos correlacionados com o constructo.

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Section: R P Pesce E Colsunclassified

Risco e proteção: em busca de um equilíbrio promotor de resiliência

Pesce

Assis

Santos

et al. 2004

Psic.: Teor. e Pesq.

136

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“…It would have been ideal to construct a dichotomized variable indicating zero-trauma vs. yestrauma, but there were only 2 children who had not reported exposure to traumatic events. The cut-off points were decided according to empirical statistics and earlier knowledge about cumulative trauma exposure in war conditions [25].…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Mental Health Function of Resilience in Condition of Military Siege and Violence in a Palestinian Community Sample

Abu¹

2015

J Psychiatry

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Aims: The study had two aims: First, we assess the prevalence of resilience based on the person-based classification depicting a balance between the severity of trauma and occurrence of PTSD. Second, we examine the role of resilience characteristics of commitment, control and challenge in protecting children's mental health from negative trauma impacts. Methods:The participants were 386 Palestinian children and adolescents from Gaza (age 13.41+2.96, 52.07% boys and 47.93% girls). The results revealed a 25% prevalence of resilient children, and resilience was more common in well-educated families and children from geographical areas exposed to heavily Israeli shelling and destruction. Children were interviewed by sociodemographic scale, Gaza Traumatic Events Checklist, Child Depression and Anxiety Scale, UCLA PTSD Index for DSM-IV-Adolescent Version, and Resilience Attitude Scale.Results: There were generally no gender differences in the exposure to traumatic events, as all. Neither were there gender differences in the mean number of traumatic events related to Israeli military violence or Palestinian factional fighting. According to the DSM-IV criterion, 12.4% of the children and adolescents reported probable PTSD, and 22.37% filled the two criteria partial PTSD, and 26.7% the one criteria partial PTSD (re-experiencing or avoidance or hyper arousal). More than a third (38.4% of the children did not have PTSD. There were no significant differences between boys and girls in PTSD. For depression and anxiety, boys and girls did not differ in the levels of PTSD, depressive and anxiety symptoms. Also only one marginal gender difference was found concerning resilience characteristics: girls reported more feelings of control than boys. The results revealed that 25.0% of the participants was classified as resilient indicating presence of high exposure to traumatic events and absence of PTSD and 22.2% as traumatized, i.e., presence of both high exposure to trauma and occurrence of PTSD. Of the children 12.7% were classified as vulnerable, and 40.1% were spared of both high trauma and PTSD. As hypothesized, resilience characteristics protected children's mental health from trauma, e.g., military trauma was less associated with PTSD and anxiety among children showing high commitment. Discussion focuses on specific functions of resilience in the context of different kind of traumatic events of war, political and military violence.

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“…Three broad approaches have been used to operationalize psychosocial risk factors in empirical studies: multiple-item measures of risk, specific life stresses, and constellations of multiple risks (Luthar & Cushing, 1999). Based on a thorough review of 1,200 prevention outcome studies, Durlak (1998) reported six levels of risk factors for youth: community, school, peer, family, individual, and other risk factors.…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the evaluation of outcome measures of resilience based on multidimensional and multiple methods are invaluable, Luthar and Cushing (1999) stressed the importance of carefully examining the component domains that aggregate to indicate the overall competence. When multiple outcomes are assessed, it is important to examine the major adaptation outcome separately in the particular domain because resilience is context-specific (Luthar et al, 2000a).…”

Section: From a Single Index To Multiple Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The selection of the outcome variables must be conceptually guided by the nature and severity of the risk studied (Luthar, Cicchetti, & Becker, 2000a). Luthar and Cushing (1999) noted that given the various indictors of adaptation, it is important to choose outcome variables according to the particular risk domain being studied. They further argued that the researchers should choose outcome variable that is most likely to be affected by the specific risk condition.…”

Section: Contextual Specificity Of Outcome Variablementioning

confidence: 99%

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Resilience: A New Research Area in Positive Psychology

Pan

Chan

2007

PSYCHOLOGIA -An International Journal of Psychological Sciences

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This paper introduces a new research area in positive psychology -resilience. Two groups of definition of resilience and two generations of resilience research are described. Two critical components of resilience are analyzed and resilience studies in Asian societies are reviewed. Finally, the implications of the application of the concept and direction for future resilience research are proposed.

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Measurement Issues in the Empirical Study of Resilience

Cited by 91 publications

References 90 publications

Risco e proteção: em busca de um equilíbrio promotor de resiliência

Risco e proteção: em busca de um equilíbrio promotor de resiliência

Prevalence and Mental Health Function of Resilience in Condition of Military Siege and Violence in a Palestinian Community Sample

Resilience: A New Research Area in Positive Psychology

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