Measurement error in heat tolerance assays

Castañeda, Luis E.; Calabria, Gemma; Betancourt, Luz A.; Rezende, Enrico L.; Santos, Mauro

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2012.03.005

Cited by 20 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…Intraresearcher reliability (estimated from ICC) was always higher than the rule of thumb value 0.90 recommended by Castañeda et al. () as indicative of good reliability: ICC = 0.912 (95% CI: 0.875‐0.938) for the fast ramping assay, ICC = 0.975 (0.964‐0.983) for the static assay at 35ºC, ICC = 0.956 (0.938‐0.969) for the static assay at 36ºC, ICC = 0.979 (0.970‐0.985) for the static assay at 37ºC, and ICC = 0.970 (0.957‐0.979) for the static assay at 38ºC.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Knockdown temperatures using dynamic assays were estimated as described in Castañeda et al. (). Briefly, flies individually placed in capped 5‐mL glass vials were immersed in a water tank at an initial temperature

T_{0} = 24^{\circ} C

and given 10 min to equilibrate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measurement error was estimated from the conventional intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) in a one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA, see Castañeda et al. ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heat tolerance inDrosophila subobscuraalong a latitudinal gradient: Contrasting patterns between plastic and genetic responses

2015

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Susceptibility to global warming relies on how thermal tolerances respond to increasing temperatures through plasticity or evolution. Climatic adaptation can be assessed by examining the geographic variation in thermal-related traits. We studied latitudinal patterns in heat tolerance in Drosophila subobscura reared at two temperatures. We used four static stressful temperatures to estimate the thermal death time (TDT) curves, and two ramping assays with fast and slow heating rates. Thermal death time curves allow estimation of the critical thermal maximum (CT(max)), by extrapolating to the temperature that would knock down the flies almost "instantaneously," and the thermal sensitivity to increasing stressful temperatures. We found a positive latitudinal cline for CT(max), but no clinal pattern for knockdown temperatures estimated from the ramping assays. Although high-latitude populations were more tolerant to an acute heat stress, they were also more sensitive to prolonged exposure to less stressful temperatures, supporting a trade-off between acute and chronic heat tolerances. Conversely, developmental plasticity did not affect CT(max) but increased the tolerance to chronic heat exposition. The patterns observed from the TDT curves help to understand why the relationship between heat tolerance and latitude depends on the methodology used and, therefore, these curves provide a more complete and reliable measurement of heat tolerance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

T_{0} = 24^{\circ} C

and given 10 min to equilibrate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heat tolerance inDrosophila subobscuraalong a latitudinal gradient: Contrasting patterns between plastic and genetic responses

2015

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“…; Berrigan ; for issues associated with measurement error and statistical power, see Santos, Castañeda & Rezende ; Castañeda et al . ). However, consistent patterns across species support a common denominator underlying these different indices (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Tolerance landscapes in thermal ecology

2014

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Summary1. How thermal tolerance estimated in the laboratory can be extrapolated to natural settings remains a contentious subject. Here, we argue that the general premise that a single temperature can accurately describe upper or lower tolerance limits is incorrect. 2. Survival probability is determined by both the intensity and the duration of a thermal stress, and the association between these variables can be adequately conveyed by a thermal tolerance landscape. Employing this framework, we demonstrate that the temperature range that an organism can tolerate is expected to narrow down with the duration of the thermal challenge. 3. Analyses suggest that a trade-off exists between tolerances to acute and chronic exposition to thermal stress, and that changes in temperature means or extremes may result in drastically different selective pressures and subsequent evolutionary responses. 4. After controlling for the duration of the thermal challenge, we also uncover latitudinal effects on upper lethal temperatures in insects that remained unnoticed in previous broad-scale comparative analyses. 5. Ultimately, critical thermal limits have been adopted in the ecological literature for logistic reasons and are inadequate descriptors of thermal tolerance on conceptual grounds. We consider that tolerance landscapes provide a more suitable framework to study temperature tolerance and its potential impact in ecological settings.

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“…; Castañeda et al. ) and neither has their “ecological relevance” (Rezende and Santos ). Therefore, resulting patterns should be carefully assessed in the light of our findings, which clearly show that there is substantially more to thermal limits and their potential to respond to selection than meets the eye.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keeping pace with climate change: what is wrong with the evolutionary potential of upper thermal limits?

Santos

Castañeda

Rezende

2012

Ecology and Evolution

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The potential of populations to evolve in response to ongoing climate change is partly conditioned by the presence of heritable genetic variation in relevant physiological traits. Recent research suggests that Drosophila melanogaster exhibits negligible heritability, hence little evolutionary potential in heat tolerance when measured under slow heating rates that presumably mimic conditions in nature. Here, we study the effects of directional selection for increased heat tolerance using Drosophila as a model system. We combine a physiological model to simulate thermal tolerance assays with multilocus models for quantitative traits. Our simulations show that, whereas the evolutionary response of the genetically determined upper thermal limit (CTmax) is independent of methodological context, the response in knockdown temperatures varies with measurement protocol and is substantially (up to 50%) lower than for CTmax. Realized heritabilities of knockdown temperature may grossly underestimate the true heritability of CTmax. For instance, assuming that the true heritability of CTmax in the base population is h2 = 0.25, realized heritabilities of knockdown temperature are around 0.08–0.16 depending on heating rate. These effects are higher in slow heating assays, suggesting that flawed methodology might explain the apparently limited evolutionary potential of cosmopolitan D. melanogaster.

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Measurement error in heat tolerance assays

Cited by 20 publications

References 27 publications

Heat tolerance inDrosophila subobscuraalong a latitudinal gradient: Contrasting patterns between plastic and genetic responses

Heat tolerance inDrosophila subobscuraalong a latitudinal gradient: Contrasting patterns between plastic and genetic responses

Tolerance landscapes in thermal ecology

Keeping pace with climate change: what is wrong with the evolutionary potential of upper thermal limits?

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