Measurement-Based Modeling and Analysis of UAV Air-Ground Channels at 1 and 4 GHz

Cui, Zhuangzhuang; Briso-Rodríguez, César; Guan, Ke; Calvo-Ramírez, César; Ai, Bo; Zhang, Zhong

doi:10.1109/lawp.2019.2930547

Cited by 52 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Due to the recent introduction of mmWave bands utilization for UAVs and other communication devices, more accurate air-to-ground or air-to-air channel models for high frequency are required that properly consider wind, temperature, foliage, urban environments, near sea environments, and other factors [106], [107]. Hence, there are many open research challenges in this area such as fast beam-forming training and tracking requirements, directional and range communications, rapid channel variations, blockage and multi-user access.…”

Section: E Channel Modeling For High Frequency Bandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of UAVs in Public Safety Communications: Energy Efficiency Perspective

et al. 2019

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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have acquired remarkable popularity, thanks to their variety of applications in numerous domains spanning from surveillance, health to agriculture and smart cities. UAVs are also enabler in wireless communication that has potential features such as ubiquitous and reliable connectivity, fast and easy deployment, adaptive altitude, higher chance of line of sight (LOS) propagation path, higher mobility and flexibility. There are numerous surveys that summarized these advantages for different situations and scenarios. However, none of these surveys discussed the role of UAVs in public safety communications from the energy efficiency perspective. In this paper, we review the existing literature for UAV communication with taking into account the energy consumption criteria, and propose a multi-layered network architecture incorporating UAVs for public safety communication. Future research directions are also discussed. INDEX TERMS UAV, multi-layered architecture, QoS, energy efficiency, public safety communications.

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Section: E Channel Modeling For High Frequency Bandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of UAVs in Public Safety Communications: Energy Efficiency Perspective

et al. 2019

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“…In [14], air-to-ground channels characteristics, including height-dependent path loss models, root mean square (RMS) delay spread and the number of multipath components, at 3.9GHz for suburban areas and for UAV altitudes up to 40m are investigated and compared against ray tracing simulations. In [15], large-scale and small-scale channel parameters are extracted for LoS and NLoS cases at 1GHz and 4GHz from actual measurements; and an altitude-dependent path loss model is proposed. In [16], extensive measurements are taken to model airto-ground channel characteristics, including path loss, RMS delay spread, Rician K-factor, and inter-antenna correlations for sub-urban and near-urban environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altitude Optimization of UAV Base Stations from Satellite Images Using Deep Neural Network

Shoer¹,

Güntürk²,

Ates³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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It is expected that unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) will play a vital role in future communication systems. Optimum positioning of UAVs, serving as base stations, can be done through extensive field measurements or ray tracing simulations when the 3D model of the region of interest is available. In this paper, we present an alternative approach to optimize UAV base station altitude for a region. The approach is based on deep learning; specifically, a 2D satellite image of the target region is input to a deep neural network to predict path loss distributions for different UAV altitudes. The predicted path distributions are used to calculate the coverage in the region; and the optimum altitude, maximizing the coverage, is determined. The neural network is designed and trained to produce multiple path loss distributions in a single inference; thus, it is not necessary to train a separate network for each altitude.

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“…Thus, we briefly review the measurement-based AG channel modeling work herein. In our prior work, AG channel measurements are conducted in semiurban environments at L-band and C-band [9], [10], and the ray-tracing simulations are used to validate the multipath propagation [11]. Shi et al conducted measurements for drone-to-ground channels in the line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) cases at 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 5 GHz, in which log-distance path loss model was used to predict the fading behavior [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Frequency Air-to-Ground Channel Measurements and Analysis for UAV Communication Systems

et al. 2020

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In order to implement unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based wireless communications, a better understanding of wireless channels and the corresponding channel characterizations are critical. In this paper, air-to-ground (AG) channel measurements are carried out at some candidate frequencies, i.e., 1 GHz, 4 GHz, 12 GHz, and 24 GHz. With measurement data, the crucial channel parameters are comprehensively analyzed. Firstly, based on the channel model in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the essential coefficients for modeling path loss, including path loss exponents (PLEs) and heightdependent factors, are obtained for AG channels. Then, a novel autocorrelation model for shadow fading is proposed. Besides, the small-scale fading is statistically analyzed, where the log-logistic distribution is found as the best fit among popular distributions. Moreover, the second-order statistical characteristics, including the level crossing rate (LCR) and average fade duration (AFD), are extracted to describe indepth the fading behavior. Overall, the results and findings in this paper are essential for realizing reliable communications in AG wireless systems. INDEX TERMS Air-to-ground (AG) channel, characterizations, fading behavior, measurements, UAV.

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Measurement-Based Modeling and Analysis of UAV Air-Ground Channels at 1 and 4 GHz

Cited by 52 publications

References 10 publications

Role of UAVs in Public Safety Communications: Energy Efficiency Perspective

Role of UAVs in Public Safety Communications: Energy Efficiency Perspective

Altitude Optimization of UAV Base Stations from Satellite Images Using Deep Neural Network

Multi-Frequency Air-to-Ground Channel Measurements and Analysis for UAV Communication Systems

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