Measurement and visualization of the architecture of an adult tree  based on a three-dimensional digitising device

Sinoquet, Hervé; Rivet, Pierre

doi:10.1007/s004680050084

Cited by 160 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Crown architecture reconstruction includes botanical aspects such as branching relationships and shoot type information, and geometrical aspects such as spatial location, orientation, size and shape of each element (Sinoquet and Rivet 1997). Architecture reconstruction is used when investigating e.g.…”

Section: Architectural Approach and Modelling In Forest Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crown architecture and its role in species interactions in mixed boreal forests

Lintunen¹

2013

Diss. For.

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The species specific growth patterns make plastic crown architecture respond in different manner to different environments modifying their influence to neighbours. The main aims of this thesis were to separate the effect of neighbour species identity from the abundance, size and proximity of the neighbours in between-tree competition and to link crown architecture with hydraulic architecture by identifying the associated within-tree variation of crown traits.The empirical part of the work was based on digitising three-dimensional (3D) crown architecture and measuring xylem anatomy. Digitising allowed the development of crown architecture models for Betula pendula (Roth.) and Pinus sylvestris (L.). The models were further applied to simulate light transmission in mixed stands.Crown architecture of the studied species responded to increased competition intensity primarily by reducing branch number and size. Proportional biomass distribution to foliage and main branches over the stem increased in young B. pendula with increasing competition intensity, whereas Pinus sylvestris used the opposite strategy. In addition to competition intensity, crown architecture of the studied species showed plastic responses to the species identity of neighbouring trees. Lower overall growth but added height growth indicating stronger competition was found in mixtures of B. pendula and Pinus sylvestris when a tree was surrounded by interspecific neighbours compared to trees surrounded by intraspecific neighbours. Both species-specific effects on resource gradients and nonresource signals remain plausible explanations for this result: B. pendula transmitted more light than Pinus sylvestris at simulated dense stands.Hydraulic architecture was shown to be interlinked with crown architecture as the conduit diameter varied as a function of tree compartment, branching hierarchy, leaf area and distance from the apex.The results suggest that the use of detailed tree structure models and species-specific competition analysis is useful in predicting and understanding growth in mixed boreal stands.

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Section: Architectural Approach and Modelling In Forest Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crown architecture and its role in species interactions in mixed boreal forests

Lintunen¹

2013

Diss. For.

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“…To estimate the expansion rate of the entire crown, the shoot length was calculated as proportional to the total length of the branches or crown parts where the shoots were measured. The total length included the length of all branches at all branching orders, and was measured by digitizing the entire three-dimensional structure of the branches (Sinoquet and Rivet, 1997). To obtain an estimate of branch production with potential implications for timber quality (Kellomäki et al, 1999), the number of living branches per unit crown length was counted for Scots pine and silver birch.…”

Section: Measurements and Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighbor identity and competition influence tree growth in Scots pine, Siberian larch, and silver birch

Kaitaniemi

Lintunen

2010

Ann. For. Sci.

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Abstract• Previous studies on competitive interactions among silver birch, Scots pine, and Siberian larch have not addressed the direct importance of the species identity of nearby competitors.• We examined the joint importance of competition and species identity, using subject trees with a high local abundance of a single dominant neighboring species. Interspecific neighbors influenced annual height increment, shoot length, and branch number per unit crown length, especially in Scots pine. Silver birch and Siberian larch were predominantly affected by the level of competition alone, as estimated with competition indices.• In Scots pine, the effects may have been a direct consequence of the species identity of neighbors or they may have acted as a substitute for the effect of some non-measured variable associated with species-specific characteristics. These functionally equivalent alternatives suggest that simple indices are not adequate measures of the neighbor effect for Scots pine.• A simple extrapolation of individual tree growth to the stand level suggested that Scots pine and silver birch may grow faster in mixed than in pure stands. Siberian larch showed negative growth responses to interspecific neighbors, but the effects may be counterbalanced at the stand level by a corresponding increase in pine or birch growth.

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“…With such a "virtual tree" [38], all sorts of topological and geometrical analysis, amongst them fractal dimension estimation, can be carried out with ease. Similar digital plant reconstructions have been realized for the above-ground parts of a walnut tree [39] and for the root system of an oak tree [12]. Godin et al [19] also develop techniques for encoding, reconstructing and analyzing complete 3-D plant architectures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and fractal dimensions of root systems of four co-occurring fruit tree species from Botswana

et al. 2000

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-Coarse root systems of four different fruit tree species from southern Africa were completely excavated and semi-automatically digitized. Spatial distributions of root length were determined from the digitally-reconstructed branching systems. Furthermore, the fractal characteristic of the coarse root systems was shown by determining the box-counting dimensions. These quantitative methods revealed architectural differences between the species, probably due to different ecophysiological strategies. For fine root samples, which were taken before digging out the whole systems, fractal analysis of the planar projections showed no significant inter-species differences. Methodologically, the study underlines the usefulness of digital 3-D reconstruction in root research. root / digital reconstruction / fractal / architectural analysis / coarse root Résumé -Structures et dimensions fractales des systèmes racinaires provenant de quatre espèces d'arbres fruitiers de Botswana. Des systèmes de grosses racines, provenant de quatre espèces différentes d'arbres fruitiers d'Afrique du Sud, ont été complètement déterrés et digitalisés semi-automatiquement. Les distributions spatiales des longueurs de racines ont été calculées à partir des maquettes informatiques reconstituées. En outre, le caractère fractal des systèmes de grosses racines a été prouvé par une déter-mination de dimensions utilisant la méthode du comptage de boites. Ces méthodes quantitatives révèlent des différences architecturales entre les espèces, résultant probablement de différentes stratégies écophysiologiques. Pour les échantillons de racines fines, obtenus avant l'excavation des systèmes complets, l'analyse fractale des projections planes n'a pas montré de différences significatives entre les espèces. Concernant la méthode, l'étude fait apparaître l'apport de la reconstruction digitale 3-D dans le domaine de la recherche sur les appareils racinaires. racine / reconstruction digitale / fractal / analyse architectural / racine gros

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Measurement and visualization of the architecture of an adult tree based on a three-dimensional digitising device

Cited by 160 publications

References 18 publications

Crown architecture and its role in species interactions in mixed boreal forests

Crown architecture and its role in species interactions in mixed boreal forests

Neighbor identity and competition influence tree growth in Scots pine, Siberian larch, and silver birch

Structure and fractal dimensions of root systems of four co-occurring fruit tree species from Botswana

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