Measurement and prediction of vapor-liquid equilibria for a reactive system: application to ethylene oxide + nonyl phenol

Ethylene Oxide Solubility and Ethoxylation Kinetics in the Synthesis of Nonionic Surfactants

“…In Figure 3, the agreement obtained for ethoxylated dodecaonoic acid with different EO/substrate ratios can be appreciated. The reliability in the use of the Wilson equation by extrapolating at high temperatures has been verified on the data reported by Hall and Agrawal (1990) for dodecanol and in those of Patel and Young (1993) for nonylphenol. In Table 8, the experimental data of Hall and Agrawal (1990) are compared with those calculated with the Wilson equation and the parameters of Table 6.…”

“…It is of great importance, therefore, to know the ethylene oxide solubility in the reaction mixture at any time because the reaction rate directly depends on the ethylene oxide concentration in the liquid phase (Santacesaria et al, 1990;Hall and Agrawall, 1990; Santacesaria et al, 1992a;Di Serio et al, 1994) and because the reaction is strongly exothermic and an accumulation of ethylene oxide in the liquid phase could be the origin of reactor instability. Despite the importance of the argument, very few papers report data on the vapor-liquid equilibria of ethylene oxide in admixture with organic substrates of fundamental industrial interest such as, for example, nonylphenol and ethoxylated derivatives (Santacesaria et al, 1990; Patel and Young, 1993), dodecanol and ethoxylated derivatives (Hall and Agrawall, 1990; Santacesaria et al, 1992), and ethoxylated derivatives of lauric acid (Di Serio et al, 1993).…”

“…Ethylene oxide partition data, at different temperatures, in nonylphenol and ethoxylated nonylphenol with different average numbers of ethylene oxide adducts, collected by Santacesaria et al (1990), Felippone and Gaia (1991), and Patel and Young (1993), respectively, are reported in Table 2. As it can be seen, data are available for a wide range of temperatures and compositions.…”

“…In Table 8, the experimental data of Hall and Agrawal (1990) are compared with those calculated with the Wilson equation and the parameters of Table 6. In Table 9, the same comparison has been made for the data on nonylphenol reported by Patel and Young (1993).…”

Vapor−Liquid Equilibria of Binary Systems of Ethene Oxide + Dodecane, Ethene Oxide + 1-Decanol, and Ethene Oxide + 1-Dodecanol and Prediction with the Predictive Soave−Redlich−Kwong (PSRK) Equation of State

“…Fröhlich used the same experimental setup for phase equilibrium measurements. Figure shows a comparison of experimental data of the binary system EO + 4-nonylphenol from Fröhlich and Patel …”