Measurement and Impact Assessment of Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields in Dayalbagh Educational Institute

Pathak, Anubhav; Jangid, Ashok Kumar

doi:10.1109/piicon49524.2020.9113039

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The obtained results show that the maximum TER is very low compared to the ICNIRP limit, specifically it is 10.5×10 -5 for the dense area, 8.8×10 -5 for the urban area site, 6.2×10 -5 for the suburban area, and 5.6×10 -5 for the rural area. These results are in agreement with the studies published in [17,23,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. Of note, these studies were focused on assessment for one technology, and in this work, the results present the accumulated TER.…”

Section: Exposure Ratios and Ter Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The 800 MHz results include the combined power density for both 4G-FDD-LTE and NB-IoT. For the four scenarios (dense, urban, suburban, and rural), the obtained results show that the power densities from all technologies (2G/3G/4G/5G) are low compared to the reference limit, which is consistent with the results of previously published studies [17,23,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] related to this work. For the dense area site, as shown in FIGURE 10, the total power densities trend with increasing distance from the site.…”

Section: B Power Density Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

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Measurement and Simulation-Based Exposure Assessment at a Far-Field for a Multitechnology Cellular Site up to 5G NR

2022

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5G is expected to be the dominant technology for mobile networks in the coming years, but there is concern about the increase in the total electromagnetic field radiation levels due to the deployment of the 5G technology. This paper presents an exposure assessment of electromagnetic field radiation on humans from single base station of a mobile network serving in dense, urban, suburban, and rural area scenarios for single-site transmission with multi-technology, including 2G, 3G, 4G, IoT, and 5G which have recently been deployed. This assessment is performed using simulation to predict the received signal levels and to calculate the related power densities for a typical single site under operating field configurations and settings for each technology. Field measurements were performed using a drive test tool to validate and calibrate the simulation results. The results show the total exposure ratio was very low compared to the international standard exposure limits, and the results show the contribution from each technology for these spesfic sites used in this study.

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Section: Exposure Ratios and Ter Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: B Power Density Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Measurement and Simulation-Based Exposure Assessment at a Far-Field for a Multitechnology Cellular Site up to 5G NR

2022

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“…According to the findings of the study, the researchers were able to conclude that there is a positive relationship between job autonomy and organizational commitment. Further, Pathak and Das(2003) found that employees who are in higher positions expect higher levels of job autonomy. McCloskey (1990) discovered that nurses who have less job autonomy showed poor commitment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Organisational Factors Affecting Commitment of Sewing Machine Operators at ABC Clothing Private Limited

Perera,

Kariyapperuma

2022

ICBM

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One of the work-related attitudes that people have toward the organisations in which they work is their organisational commitment. This concept is concerned with the degree to which people are involved with their organisations and are interested in remaining with them. The purpose of this research is to identify organisational factors that affect the commitment of sewing machine operators (SMOs). Further, specific objectives were also set to identify the determinants of commitment of SMOs, to identify the relationship between the identified determinants and the commitment of SMOs, and to recommend human resource practices intended to enhance the commitment of SMOs. This is quantitative research that underlines the positivists philosophical assumptions. Hence, the deductive approach was used. The research strategy was the cross-sectional survey method. To understand the behaviour of the factors of commitment of Sewing Machine Operators (SMOs), 120 SMOs on the main production floor of ABC Clothing (Pvt) Ltd (JMPL) were deemed the sample according to the simple random sampling method. A questionnaire survey was taken as the primary source of collecting the data where all the independent variables were measured according to the standard prior questionnaires. According to the conceptual framework, the researcher hypothesised the construct using independent variables; superior support, peer support, flexi-time jobs, workload, and job autonomy and the dependent variable was the commitment of SMOs. The analytical tool of the study was IBM SPSS Statistics 21. Parallel to most of the historical findings, superior support, peer support, flexi-time jobs, and job autonomy revealed a significant positive relationship towards the commitment of SMOs in ABC Clothing Private Limited, with the exception of workload, which portrayed a significant negative relationship. It was revealed that ‘flexi-time jobs’ have the highest correlation with commitment and are the most influential factor in the commitment of sewing machine operators at ABC Clothing. Finally, depending on the results obtained from the study, the management is given some recommendations highlighting the five independent variables that are identified as significant for the commitment, indicating what steps can be taken by the management to enhance the commitment of the sewing machine operators. Keywords: Organisational Commitment, Sewing Machine Operators, Flextime Job, Peer Support, Superior Support, Job Autonomy, Workload

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“…The analysis of channel power and electric eld strength at various locations from mobile base stations using a power sensor, spectrum analyzer, and the log-periodic antenna was done in Ghana [10]. The E-eld, H-eld, and power per unit area were practically calculated with the help of Selective Radiation Meter-3006 in Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra [11]. Recently there is no similar study available in the literature for the selected locations.…”

Section: Standards and Guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table II: Government of India guidelines for the general public [11] Frequency The measurement of the electromagnetic eld was conducted using the Selective Radiation Meter (SRM) 3006 device manufactured by Narda Safety Test Solution, USA. The entire setup of SRM-3006 [20] consists of basic unit SRM-3006, RF-cable, 3-axes, and one-axis measuring antennas for E-eld and H-eld measurements.…”

Section: Relevant Em Radiation Standards and Guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Measurement and Analysis of Electromagnetic Fields from Some Typical Base Transceiver Stations

Lal,

Singh

2024

Preprint

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In this study, RF electromagnetic field (EMF) levels produced by GSM 900, and GSM 2100 cellular base stations installed in various locations in Sitapur, UP, India, are measured and evaluated. Utilizing a Selective Radiation Meter (SRM-3006) to detect the power density of EMF levels close to cellular base stations is the measurement technique. An acceptable distance from the cellular base station was used to take the measurement. For the research of EMF levels, four different cellular base station locations in Sitapur, UP, India were selected. The measured results are compared to international standards including the Department of Telecommunication (DoT), Government of India (GoI), and International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) standards. As a consequence of the research, it has been determined that there are no negative effects on human health or the environment in the area chosen for the study because all measured values of power densities fall well below the established set criteria.

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Measurement and Impact Assessment of Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields in Dayalbagh Educational Institute

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Measurement and Simulation-Based Exposure Assessment at a Far-Field for a Multitechnology Cellular Site up to 5G NR

Measurement and Simulation-Based Exposure Assessment at a Far-Field for a Multitechnology Cellular Site up to 5G NR

Organisational Factors Affecting Commitment of Sewing Machine Operators at ABC Clothing Private Limited

Real-Time Measurement and Analysis of Electromagnetic Fields from Some Typical Base Transceiver Stations

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