Abstract:As a result of the gas market liberalization, new business models are emerging and one that brings positive effects to market players is purchasing group functioning. This paper adopts the approach of gas market review and provides a synthesis of its functioning in Poland. The review focuses first on the frameworks of the process of gas market liberalization. Next, the author presents gas market structure and lists and comments on its components. Then, the main characteristics of the market are discussed. The … Show more
“…The article presents a case study of a project, conducted by Metropolis GZM, in order to optimize the costs of electricity and gas distribution, which was created as a continuation of activities, related to the joint purchase of electricity and gas by the member communes of GZM [24,25]. We purposefully select this, case following the i-criterion [26], to study participants of coopetition between public local government, with transparent and reliable data access.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Actions related to electricity may also apply to costs related to gas distribution. The reason for conducting the research was the data analysis carried out as part of the project of the blue fuel purchasing group [25]. Therefore, this range has been analyzed in depth.…”
Simultaneous collaboration and competition, or coopetition, has so far been studied among firms or non-profit organizations, leaving the public arena largely unexplored. This study focuses on identifying and measuring common benefit generation by local government actors in coopetition. We purposefully choose a metropolis composed of 41 municipalities setting to identify and measure those effects of coopetition that cannot be achieved by individual actors alone. We use real data and tariffs to run simulations that identify common and individual benefits generated in gas and electricity distribution. We find that savings can be achieved by mutualizing energy procurement, even though the distribution of savings is not equal among municipalities. We substantiate that energy communities can act as coopetitive platforms to optimize energy costs of municipalities.
“…The article presents a case study of a project, conducted by Metropolis GZM, in order to optimize the costs of electricity and gas distribution, which was created as a continuation of activities, related to the joint purchase of electricity and gas by the member communes of GZM [24,25]. We purposefully select this, case following the i-criterion [26], to study participants of coopetition between public local government, with transparent and reliable data access.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Actions related to electricity may also apply to costs related to gas distribution. The reason for conducting the research was the data analysis carried out as part of the project of the blue fuel purchasing group [25]. Therefore, this range has been analyzed in depth.…”
Simultaneous collaboration and competition, or coopetition, has so far been studied among firms or non-profit organizations, leaving the public arena largely unexplored. This study focuses on identifying and measuring common benefit generation by local government actors in coopetition. We purposefully choose a metropolis composed of 41 municipalities setting to identify and measure those effects of coopetition that cannot be achieved by individual actors alone. We use real data and tariffs to run simulations that identify common and individual benefits generated in gas and electricity distribution. We find that savings can be achieved by mutualizing energy procurement, even though the distribution of savings is not equal among municipalities. We substantiate that energy communities can act as coopetitive platforms to optimize energy costs of municipalities.
“…Therefore, the risk-oriented approach is the most effective tool for ensuring the activity of the enterprise. It should be noted that the use of a risk-oriented approach is quite wide, namely, in the processes of ensuring the reliability of products [11], ensuring the sustainability of products on the market [12][13][14][15][16], the functioning of quality management processes [17,18], assessing the risks of the product life cycle [19], using renewable energy resources, smart technologies in the conditions of climate change [20,21,22], managing supply chains [23][24][25], managing the technical condition of objects [26][27][28].…”
The effective activity of road transport enterprises depends on the chosen strategy of enterprise management. The urgent role is the effectiveness of the use of a risk-oriented approach to the management and planning of the enterprise. The article, using the method of hierarchy analysis and probabilistic method, identifies and determines the contribution of risks. The factors that form the risks of road transport enterprises’ activities are defined for these types of enterprises. It has been found that the application of the hierarchy analysis method is a more time-consuming process and provides a deeper analysis of each risk. The probabilistic method is easier to apply, but it requires a high qualification of experts who will assess the risks. The results of surveys conducted by road transport enterprises indicate the application of elements of a risk-oriented approach. The availability of risk information makes it possible to implement appropriate precautions not only within an individual enterprise, but also on a more global scale.
“…The policies of individual countries [20][21][22], regulatory provisions [23][24][25][26], and other documents have an impact on the economy, including energy, transport, and construction [27][28][29][30][31][32]. These documents should be implemented very carefully, but on the other hand, climate change in the world generates losses of billions of dollars annually [27,33,34], which leads to continued interest in the economy of these changes [35][36][37]. The changes also concern the energy sector, particularly the costs of transforming coal economies into non-carbon economies and the threats caused by natural disasters [14,[38][39][40][41][42][43].…”
The study aimed to determine how the public perceives the directions of decarbonization to develop a sustainable energy strategy for Poland. The political challenge is to use dedicated funds and grants to move from the energy market to low-carbon technology. For sustainable development, governments must implement an environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and socially acceptable policy. The risk of social acceptance plays a vital role in Poland, especially in Silesia, influencing the decarbonization process. The study’s main objective was to identify socio-economic features that affect the assessment of the decarbonization process in Poland, assuming that respondents used central or local funds to carry out this process. The authors deepened the multidisciplinary aspect of the analysis of decarbonization, mainly pointing to social issues, which was presented in the article. The study was conducted using the “snowball” method on a group of 444 socially diverse people. They were based on non-parametric statistical methods: Chi-square, Mann–Whitney U, and the Kruskal–Wallis test, which showed that the most effective factors in the decarbonization process are subsidies used by local governments. Moreover, it was found that people with higher education give less support to the centralization of funds for decarbonization, though they perceive that local funds provide a greater chance of success for decarbonization processes. This study fills the gap in social sciences.
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