Measles outbreak in Grosseto, central Italy, 2006

Boncompagni, Giuseppe; Incandela, L; Bechini, Angela; Giannini, Denise Tavares; Cellini, C; Trezzi, Michele; Atti, M L Ciofi Degli; Ansaldi, Filippo; Valle, Laura; Bonanni, Paolo

doi:10.2807/esw.11.31.03015-en

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…In addition to supporting the recommendation of vaccination of health care workers, this event suggests that hospitalization should be reserved for serious cases, and home care should be encouraged during outbreaks. Pneumonia, a classic complication of measles, occurred in 2.1% of patients-a percentage similar to or even greater than that reported in studies from Germany [12] but lower than rates reported in other studies [16,30,34] and evidently very different from the figure of 26.5% reported by Van den Hof et al [36] from The Netherlands. The methodologies used to record complications during outbreaks are probably not homogenous and should accord international guidelines [22], because this information is important in evaluating the magnitude of the problem.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

“…Hospitalization of patients with measles probably has more to do with how cases are managed than with their severity; therefore, this may not be a good parameter for evaluating the magnitude and severity of an outbreak. In addition, there is a risk of nosocomial cases occurring both among patients visiting the hospital for other reasons and among health workers; this could increase disease transmission [16,30,34,35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Large Outbreak of Measles in a Community with High Vaccination Coverage: Implications for the Vaccination Schedule

et al. 2008

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Large Outbreak of Measles in a Community with High Vaccination Coverage: Implications for the Vaccination Schedule

et al. 2008

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“…These sequences showed a maximum difference of 2 nucleotides (≤0.5%), difference that remained unchanged when the strains MVi/Kolar.IND/03.07/1 and MVs/London.GBR/25.07 were added to the alignment, while it showed an increase with the addition of the strain MVs/Grosseto.ITA/a301 [19]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of measles virus in Italy, 2002–2007

Magurano

Fortuna

Marchi

et al. 2012

Virol J

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BackgroundThe European Regional Office of the World Health Organization (WHO/Europe) developed a strategic approach to halt the indigenous transmission of measles in its 53 Member States by 2015. In view of the goal of measles elimination, it is of great importance to assess the circulation of wild-type measles virus (MV). Genetic analysis is indispensable to understand the epidemiology of measles.MethodsUrine and saliva samples were collected between May 2002 and December 2007, in order to find the origins and routes of wild type measles virus circulation. RT-PCR was performed on a total of 414 clinical samples of patients from different Italian regions. The results confirmed the genome presence in 199 samples, out of which 179 were sequenced. The sequences were genotyped by comparing the fragment coding for the carboxyl terminus of the nucleoprotein (450 nucleotides) with that one of the WHO reference strains.ResultsFrom the year 2002 to the year 2007 phylogenetic analysis of measles sequences showed a predominant circulation of the D7 genotype in the Italian territory for the years 2002–2004. This genotype was replaced by D4 and B3 genotypes in the biennium 2006–2007. During the same period C2, A, D5 and D8 genotypes were also detected.ConclusionsGenetic characterization of wild-type MV provides a means to study the transmission pathways of the virus, and is an essential component of laboratory-based surveillance. Knowledge of currently circulating measles virus genotype in Italy will help in monitoring the success of the measles elimination programme and will contribute to evaluate the effectiveness of future vaccination campaigns.

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“…In France, the estimated number of measles cases dropped from 300,000 in 1985 to less than 10,400 cases in 2003 (3,48), and mortality has declined from 30 deaths per year in the 1980s to less than 10 per year in recent years (3,48). However, despite the success in controlling measles, the disease has not been eliminated in Europe; outbreaks still occur (2,3,13,18,29,34,35,45,48,50,52,53), and measles can still represent a serious health threat, especially in infants under 1 year of age (7,18).…”

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confidence: 99%

Kinetics of Decline of Maternal Measles Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies in Sera of Infants in France in 2006

Gagneur

Pinquier

Aubert

et al. 2008

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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The optimal age for measles vaccination is an important health issue, since maternal antibodies may neutralize the vaccine antigen before a specific immune response develops, while delaying vaccination may increase the risk of complicated diseases in infants. However, measles vaccination impacts the duration of protection afforded by transplacental transfer of maternal antibodies: vaccination-induced maternal antibodies disappear faster than disease-induced antibodies. In order to maintain protection against measles in infants, it is important to monitor the dynamics of this phenomenon in vaccinated populations. To assess the current situation in France, a multicenter, prospective seroepidemiological study was conducted in seven French hospitals between October 2005 and January 2007. Maternal measles antibody concentrations from 348 infants 0 to 15 months old were measured using the plaque reduction neutralization assay. Geometric mean concentrations and the percentage of infants with maternal measles antibody concentrations above the protection threshold (>120 mIU/ml) were assessed according to age. Results show that after more than 20 years of routine measles vaccination in France, maternal measles-neutralizing antibodies decrease dramatically in French infants by 6 months of age, from 1,740 mIU/ml for infants 0 to 1 month old to 223 mIU/ml for infants 5 to 6 months old, and that 90% of infants are not protected against measles after 6 months of age. Infant protection against measles could be optimized both by increasing herd immunity through an increased vaccine coverage and by lowering the age of routine vaccination from 12 to 9 months.

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Measles outbreak in Grosseto, central Italy, 2006

Abstract: From 2003 to 2007, Italy is implementing a national plan to eliminate measles and congenital rubella

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Large Outbreak of Measles in a Community with High Vaccination Coverage: Implications for the Vaccination Schedule

Large Outbreak of Measles in a Community with High Vaccination Coverage: Implications for the Vaccination Schedule

Molecular epidemiology of measles virus in Italy, 2002–2007

Kinetics of Decline of Maternal Measles Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies in Sera of Infants in France in 2006

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