Meanings of self-grooming depend on an inverted U-shaped function with aversiveness

Fernández-Teruel, Alberto; Estanislau, Célio

doi:10.1038/nrn.2016.102

Cited by 49 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…The reverse relationship seen in nonnaïve individuals, however, is more difficult to interpret. It is also worth noting that we did not observe an interaction between trap confinement duration and the amount of grooming that non-naïve mice performed in the open-field test which would have been expected since grooming is commonly used to assess anxiety and stress in both a lab and field setting [34,54,60]. Further, we observed high repeatability in the boldness of deer mice, which reinforces the fact that any effect of the habituation to trap confinement on behavior is minimal.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Effects of trap confinement on personality measurements in two terrestrial rodents

2020

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In recent years, consistent individual differences in behavior, or personalities, have been a topic of increasing interest as researchers strive to understand and predict the responses of individuals and populations to anthropogenic changes. Behavioral studies in wild populations often require that animals are live trapped before behavioral observation can occur, and this is especially true in studies investigating animal personalities. However, it is unknown whether the amount of time confined to a live trap may regulate the behavior of trapped individuals. Specifically, if the duration of trap confinement directly influences behavior, then by obtaining wild animals through live trapping we may be confounding the very measurements of greatest interest. To investigate whether the duration of trap confinement influences the behavior of trapped individuals, we performed a study on two small mammal species, focusing specifically on personality traits. We positioned high-definition trail cameras facing Longworth small mammal traps in the field to observe capture events and record the time of capture. We then measured personality in captured deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) and southern red-backed voles (Myodes gapperi) using three standardized tests, and through linear and generalized linear models we found that the time an animal had spent confined to a trap before testing did not affect 86% of behaviors exhibited. Our results showed two weak behavioral effects of confinement duration on boldness and docility resulting from an interaction between the duration of confinement and whether or not an individual was naïve to trapping. Our results suggest that behavioral measurements of wild, trapped small mammals are not determined by the time spent confined to a trap. However, researchers should use caution and consider whether an animal is naïve to trapping during analysis since habituation to the live trap may play a role in the effects of confinement duration on behavior. OPEN ACCESSCitation: Brehm AM, Tironi S, Mortelliti A (2020) Effects of trap confinement on personality measurements in two terrestrial rodents. PLoS ONE 15(1): e0221136. https://doi.org/10. Observations 43� Only results from the top model (based on AICc scores) are shown. We have omitted occasions where the null model was the top model. See materials and methods for more information.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Effects of trap confinement on personality measurements in two terrestrial rodents

2020

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“…In summary, we agree that stress modulates rodent self-grooming behaviour in ways that often follow an inverted-U relation 2 , but we also note that this crucial relationship may be more complicated. Given the emerging relevance of self-grooming in the modelling of various affective brain disorders, the analysis of this important relationship will benefit from focusing on multiple (rather than single) self-grooming behavioural measures, an appreciation of a wider spectrum of specific biological contexts in which self-grooming occurs and an in-depth analysis of its underlying neural circuitry 1 .…”

supporting

confidence: 65%

“…Neurosci. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn.2016.102 (2016)) 2 . We agree that the effect of stress on self-grooming can often be described as an inverted U-shaped function: self-grooming typically occurs spontaneously at low arousal (as a maintenance behaviour), becomes longer (and may alter in pattern) during moderate arousal (as a ‘displacement activity’) and can be inhibited by high-stress states that elicit freezing, fight or flight responses 1–4 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, despite the usefulness of this view, caution is needed because the relationship between stress and self-grooming can be more complex, and self-grooming duration measures in relatively mild stress (the main behavioural measures and situations discussed in the Correspondence 2 ) alone may be insufficient for adequate neurobehavioural analyses of rodent self-grooming 1,3,4 . For example, high-frequency, short bouts of self-grooming can yield a cumulative duration that is similar to that of fewer, longer bouts of such behaviour.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Namely, self-grooming evoked by high-stress situations may differ considerably — both behaviourally and mechanistically — from low-arousal ‘comfort’ and moderate-arousal (for example, novelty-evoked) self-grooming 1 . Moreover, although high-stress self-grooming is often associated behaviourally with freezing, fight or flight 2 (BOX 1), it is currently unclear whether all of these behaviours are mediated by shared ‘high-stress’ neural circuits or compete with each other and with self-grooming for circuitry and motor movements.…”

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confidence: 99%

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'Stressing' rodent self-grooming for neuroscience research

2016

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Role of the prefrontal cortical protease TACE/ADAM17 in neurobehavioral responses to chronic stress during adolescence

Sharafeddin,

Sierra,

Ghaly

et al. 2024

Brain and Behavior

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IntroductionChronic adolescent stress profoundly affects prefrontal cortical networks regulating top‐down behavior control. However, the neurobiological pathways contributing to stress‐induced alterations in the brain and behavior remain largely unknown. Chronic stress influences brain growth factors and immune responses, which may, in turn, disrupt the maturation and function of prefrontal cortical networks. The tumor necrosis factor alpha‐converting enzyme/a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (TACE/ADAM17) is a sheddase with essential functions in brain maturation, behavior, and inflammatory responses. This study aimed to determine the impact of stress on the prefrontal cortex and whether TACE/ADAM17 plays a role in these responses.MethodsWe used a Lewis rat model that incorporates critical elements of chronic psychosocial stress, such as uncontrollability, unpredictability, lack of social support, and re‐experiencing of trauma.ResultsChronic stress during adolescence reduced the acoustic startle reflex and social interactions while increasing extracellular free water content and TACE/ADAM17 mRNA levels in the medial prefrontal cortex. Chronic stress altered various ethological behavioral domains in the observation home cages (decreased ingestive behaviors and increased walking, grooming, and rearing behaviors). A group of rats was injected intracerebrally either with a novel Accell™ SMARTpool TACE/ADAM17 siRNA or a corresponding siRNA vehicle (control). The RNAscope Multiplex Fluorescent v2 Assay was used to visualize mRNA expression. Automated puncta quantification and analyses demonstrated that TACE/ADAM17 siRNA administration reduced TACE/ADAM17 mRNA levels in the medial prefrontal cortex (59% reduction relative to control). We found that the rats that received prefrontal cortical TACE/ADAM17 siRNA administration exhibited altered eating patterns (e.g., increased food intake and time in the feeding zone during the light cycle).ConclusionThis study supports that the prefrontal cortex is sensitive to adolescent chronic stress and suggests that TACE/ADAM17 may be involved in the brain responses to stress.

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Meanings of self-grooming depend on an inverted U-shaped function with aversiveness

Cited by 49 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of trap confinement on personality measurements in two terrestrial rodents

Effects of trap confinement on personality measurements in two terrestrial rodents

'Stressing' rodent self-grooming for neuroscience research

Role of the prefrontal cortical protease TACE/ADAM17 in neurobehavioral responses to chronic stress during adolescence

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