“…Planococcus ficus is a vector of GLRaV 1, 3, and 4 [ 30 ] and is found in local vineyards. Considering that all three GLRaVs occurred in the vineyards surveyed, a combined strategy for vector control and diseased vine rouging is strongly recommended [ 31 , 32 ].…”
Grapevine is a widely grown fruit crop that is seriously affected by different viruses, reducing grape yield and quality, as well as threatening profitability. Vineyard disease management requires accurate identification of viral infections. This study aimed to survey the presence of ten grapevine viruses in four geographic sites in the Mendoza province of Argentina. Two hundred twenty-three composite cane samples from 1060 plants of six cultivars were collected from 26 blocks distributed across 11 vineyards. The cane samples were screened by RT-PCR for the following viruses: grapevine leafroll-associated viruses 1–4 (GLRaV 1, 2, 3, and 4), grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), grapevine fleck virus (GFkV), grapevine virus A (GVA) and B (GVB), grapevine rupestris stem pitting associated virus (GRSPaV), and arabis mosaic virus (ArMV). The results showed an uneven occurrence of viruses through the sampled regions, with GRSPaV being prevalent (71.1%), followed by GFLV (28.9%), GFkV (20.6%), and GLRaV-2 (14.7%). GVB was not detected. This study revealed a moderate prevalence of viruses associated with economically impactful diseases in the vineyards surveyed.
“…Planococcus ficus is a vector of GLRaV 1, 3, and 4 [ 30 ] and is found in local vineyards. Considering that all three GLRaVs occurred in the vineyards surveyed, a combined strategy for vector control and diseased vine rouging is strongly recommended [ 31 , 32 ].…”
Grapevine is a widely grown fruit crop that is seriously affected by different viruses, reducing grape yield and quality, as well as threatening profitability. Vineyard disease management requires accurate identification of viral infections. This study aimed to survey the presence of ten grapevine viruses in four geographic sites in the Mendoza province of Argentina. Two hundred twenty-three composite cane samples from 1060 plants of six cultivars were collected from 26 blocks distributed across 11 vineyards. The cane samples were screened by RT-PCR for the following viruses: grapevine leafroll-associated viruses 1–4 (GLRaV 1, 2, 3, and 4), grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), grapevine fleck virus (GFkV), grapevine virus A (GVA) and B (GVB), grapevine rupestris stem pitting associated virus (GRSPaV), and arabis mosaic virus (ArMV). The results showed an uneven occurrence of viruses through the sampled regions, with GRSPaV being prevalent (71.1%), followed by GFLV (28.9%), GFkV (20.6%), and GLRaV-2 (14.7%). GVB was not detected. This study revealed a moderate prevalence of viruses associated with economically impactful diseases in the vineyards surveyed.
“…Considering that most of the grapevine planting materials come from the Cuyo region, it is possible that the viruses reported there are present in the Calchaquíes Valleys vineyards as well. In addition, the presence of some virus vectors, such as the vine mealybugs (Planoccous ficus), has been reported in some locations of the Calchaquíes Valleys [11] and considering its role in the natural dispersion of GLRaV-3 in Argentina [12], there is a high risk for virus spread from neighboring locations within the Calchaquíes Valleys.…”
This study aimed to survey the occurrence of eight grapevine viruses in commercial vineyards located in the Calchaquíes Valleys in the northwest region of Argentina. A total of 103 samples of mature canes of vines showing either none or some viral-like symptoms were randomly collected. The samples were tested by RT-PCR/PCR-based assays for the screening of the following viruses: Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), Grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (GLRaV-1, -2, -3, -4), Grapevine virus A (GVA), Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated viruses (GRSPaV), and Grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV). Sixty percent of the analyzed samples showed infection with some of the analyzed viruses, except GRBV. GLRaV-3 and GFLV were the most frequent viruses, present in 34% and 21% of the positive samples, respectively. This study represents the first survey report of the presence of grapevine viruses in the region of the Calchaquíes Valleys and contributes to the knowledge to maintain the sanitary status of commercial vineyards in Argentina.
“…maritimis, Heliococcus bohemicus, Phenococcus aceris, y Ps. comstocki) (Sforza et al 2003;de Borbon et al 2004;Elbeaino et al 2009;Buzkan et al 2010), de la misma manera que distintas especies de PMWaV (Gambley et al 2008), lo que hace suponer que el resto de los miembros del género compartirían esta característica.…”
Section: I4a2 Epidemiología Y Transmisiónunclassified
“…Como paso previo necesario a este, el conjunto de datos en En adición a su función estructural, la CP de los virus vegetales está involucrada en la especificidad para con el vector. En el caso de los ampelovirus asociados a LD, se conocen que son transmitidos con distinta eficiencia por cochinillas harinosas (de Borbon et al 2004;Fuchs et al 2009;Tsai et al 2010). Una mutación que provea una ventaja en la afinidad con el vector puede conferir una enorme ventaja con respecto a la población original.…”
In the present study, we investigate the evolutive forces shaping the genetic diversity of grapevine leafroll-associated viruses obtained from leafroll-infected grapevine plants in Argentina. An evolutionary analysis was performed and a new recombination event was inferred in the considered dataset. The N- and C-terminal regions of CP appeared to be under purifying selection, but the N-terminal region presented twelve sites under positive selection and a dN/dS ratio 6-fold greater than that of the C-terminal region. These sites under diversifying selection correspond to the previously reported as most variable sites in the CP and also to the most prone to be linear epitopes.
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