McGISH identification and phenotypic description of leaf rust and yellow rust resistant partial amphiploids originating from a wheat × Thinopyrum synthetic hybrid cross

Abstract

A Thinopyrum intermedium × Thinopyrum ponticum synthetic hybrid wheatgrass is an excellent source of leaf and stem rust resistance produced by N.V.Tsitsin. Wheat line Mv9kr1 was crossed with this hybrid (Agropyron glael) in Hungary in order to transfer its advantageous agronomic traits into wheat. As the wheat parent was susceptible to leaf rust, the transfer of resistance was easily recognizable in the progenies. Three different partial amphiploid lines with leaf rust resistance were selected from the wheat/Thinopyrum hybrid derivatives by multicolour genomic in situ hybridization. Chromosome counting on the partial amphiploids revealed 58 chromosomes (18 wheatgrass) in line 194, 56 (14 wheatgrass) in line 195 and 54 (12 wheatgrass) in line 196. The wheat chromosomes present in these lines were identified and the wheatgrass chromosomes were characterized by fluorescence in situ hybridization using the repetitive DNA probes Afa-family, pSc119.2 and pTa71. The 3D wheat chromosome was missing from the lines. Molecular marker analysis showed the presence of the Lr24 leaf rust resistance gene in lines 195 and 196. The morphological traits were evaluated in the field during two consecutive seasons in two different locations.

Development of Specific Thinopyrum Cytogenetic Markers for Wheat-Wheatgrass Hybrids Using Sequencing and qPCR Data

“…The development of cytogenetic markers is a tedious process that requires long and laborious FISH testing of various probes before a suitable probe is found. In many cytogenetic studies aimed at molecular-cytogenetic characterization of wheat–wheatgrass hybrids, the classical FISH probes such as 45S rDNA, pAs1, pSc119.2, and pTa71 are applied [ 32 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. However, the development of new Thinopyrum -specific probes is necessary as it would enable the precise identification of chromosome rearrangements in amphidiploids and introgression lines and can be used in evolutionary studies of Triticeae [ 40 , 43 , 48 , 49 ].…”

“…One of the basic approaches in the study of WWGHs and introgression lines, along with molecular markers, remains cytogenetic studies with common and specific probes [ 21 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. This approach enables the discrimination of related subgenomes in amphidiploids, visualization of chromosomal composition, and identification of rearrangements.…”

Characterization of Chromosome Constitution in Three Wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium Amphiploids Revealed Frequent Rearrangement of Alien and Wheat Chromosomes

“…intermedium, it was widely used in the identi cation of Th. intermedium-derived wheat germplasms (Bao et al 2014, Chen et al 2003, Kruppa et al 2016. In this study, the chromosomal constitution and chromosomal variations in three Trititrigia octoploids (TE261-1, TE266-1 and TE346-1) exhibiting good resistance to stripe rust, powdery mildew and aphids were investigated.…”

Characterization of chromosome constitution in three wheat - Thinopyrum intermedium amphiploids revealed frequent rearrangement of alien and wheat chromosomes

“…intermedium and common wheat and inherited numerous excellent traits from Th. intermedium, such as resistance to powdery mildew, leaf rust, stem rust and stripe rust [19,20]. Furthermore, it is easier to successfully cross common wheat with Trititrigia octoploids than with Th.…”

“…intermedium, it was widely used in the identification of Th. intermedium-derived wheat germplasms [19,21,28,33].…”