Maximum safe diameters of microcapillaries for a stoichiometric ethene/oxygen mixture

Sicherheit in der Mikroreaktionstechnik

“…Dieser Zusammenhang konnte durch umfangreiche Experimente der Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) auch für mikroverfahrentstechnisch relevante Abmessungen bestätigt werden [21].…”

Supported Liquid Phase Catalyst coating in micro flow Mizoroki–Heck reaction

“…Novel Process Windows, as proposed by Hessel [14], aim to exploit the use of harsh process conditions in unconventional processes, boosting chemical productivity by orders of magnitude [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. In micro flow, the improved process control and limited volume mean a higher degree of safety, allowing the application of processes or process conditions that would otherwise be discarded [27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. In addition, the high level of control in a micro flow system also provides opportunities for process integration [34,35].…”

Beyond Organometallic Flow Chemistry: The Principles Behind the Use of Continuous-Flow Reactors for Synthesis

“…For an ethane/oxygen mixture it was found that the diameter had to be lower than 0.1 mm to avoid explosion propagation. 142 Although microreactors cannot be regarded as inherently safe, the range of safe operating conditions can be substantially increased as the upper explosion limit is lowered ( Figure 13). The potential of explosion propagation also demonstrates the necessity to quench a reaction adequately upon exiting the reactor.…”

“…140,141 It has been demonstrated that explosion propagation occurs when the tube diameter is larger than λ / π , where λ represents the detonation cell width and can be calculated from the induction length. 142 This is the socalled λ / 3 rule which has been originally validated for macroscopic tubes. This rule can be used to calculate the diameter of the microreactor in which safe processing of the reaction mixture can be done.…”