Maximizing the Thermo-Optic Tuning Range of Silicon Photonic Structures

Gan, Fuwan; Barwicz, Tymon; Popović, Miloš A.; Dahlem, Marcus S.; Holzwarth, Charles W.; Rakich, Peter T.; Smith, Henry I.; Ippen, Erich P.; Kärtner, Franz X.

doi:10.1109/ps.2007.4300747

Cited by 102 publications

(65 citation statements)

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“…20. A linear red shift of 0.3 nm/mW is observed, which correspond to an efficiency of 26 µW/GHz, comparable with the best values reported in literature [48] and [49]. The maximum power that can be dissipated in the heaters is 40 mW, so tuning over the full channel spacing is possible without any problem.…”

Section: B Thermal Tuning Of Silicon Nanophotonic Circuitsupporting

confidence: 86%

Nanophotonic Devices for Optical Interconnect

Thourhout

Spuesens

Selvaraja

et al. 2010

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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Thourhout, Van, D.; Spuesens, T.; Selvaraja, S.K.; Liu, Liu; Roelkens, G.C.; Kumar, R.; Morthier, G.; Rojo-Romeo, P.; Mandorlo, F.; Régreny, P.; Raz, O.; Kopp, C.; Grenouillet, L. Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of Record (includes final page, issue and volume numbers)Please check the document version of this publication:• A submitted manuscript is the author's version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication Citation for published version (APA):Thourhout, Van, D., Spuesens, T., Selvaraja, S. K., Liu, L., Roelkens, G., Kumar, R., ... Grenouillet, L. (2010). Nanophotonic devices for optical interconnect. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 16(5), 1363-1375. DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2010 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Abstract-We review recent progress in nanophotonic devices for compact optical interconnect networks. We focus on microdisklaser-based transmitters and discuss improved design and advanced functionality including all-optical wavelength conversion and flip-flops. Next we discuss the fabrication uniformity of the passive routing circuits and their thermal tuning. Finally, we discuss the performance of a wavelength selective detector.Index Terms-Flip-flop, heterogeneous integration, microdisk laser (MDL), network-on-chip, photonic integration, process uniformity, silicon-on-insulator (SOI), wavelength conversion.

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Section: B Thermal Tuning Of Silicon Nanophotonic Circuitsupporting

confidence: 86%

Nanophotonic Devices for Optical Interconnect

Thourhout

Spuesens

Selvaraja

et al. 2010

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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“…The tuning efficiency is not optimal as a consequence of the separation, as the generated heat has to diffuse from the point-like source of the heater down to the silicon waveguide ( Figure 7B). While this configuration is the easiest to implement in fabrication, demonstrated tuning efficiencies are limited, with most results ranging around ~100 mW/FSR [15,[52][53][54], and the best demonstration at ~42 mW/FSR with a tuning speed of 14 µs [55]. These tuning efficiencies may be sufficient for some applications, but for the applications with the most stringent requirements on interconnect power consumption an improved tuning efficiency will be required.…”

Section: Integrated Heatersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolving the thermal challenges for silicon microring resonator devices

2014

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Silicon microring resonators have been hailed for their potential use in next-generation optical interconnects. However, the functionality of silicon microring based devices suffer from susceptibility to thermal fluctuations that is often overlooked in their demonstrated results, but must be resolved for their future implementation in microelectronic applications. We survey the emerging efforts that have been put forth to resolve these thermal susceptibilities and provide a comprehensive discussion of their advantages and disadvantages.Keywords: integrated photonics; microring resonators; optical interconnects; silicon photonics. The growing bandwidth needs within data applications have motivated the replacement of traditionally electronic links with optical links for information networks as diverse as data centers, supercomputers, and fiber-optic access networks [1,2]. Applications such as these stress the traditional portfolio of optical components, rebalancing the emphasis from expensive high-performance components towards low-cost high-volume components that can be closely integrated with electronics. With these considerations in mind, the silicon photonics platform has received wide attention for its ability to deliver the necessary bandwidth required at an economy-of-scale that will be enabled by its compatibility with CMOS fabrication processes [3].Within the silicon photonic platform, traditional optical components such as low-loss waveguides [4], lowloss waveguide crossings [5], high-speed mach-zhender modulators (MZM) [6], arrayed waveguide-gratings [7], and efficient photodetectors [8,9] have been demonstrated. Leveraging the high index contrast between silicon and silicon-on-insulator, the aforementioned components have been shown with much smaller footprints than their counterparts in more conventional optical platforms. For active devices, these smaller footprints directly translate to higher energy-efficiencies.In addition to providing these improvements in footprint and energy-efficiency for traditional devices, the high-index contrast present in the silicon photonic platform enables the effective use of microring-based devices. A microring is a traveling wave resonator consisting of a ring structure side-coupled to a bus waveguide. While they have also been demonstrated in other material platforms, the high-index contrast of silicon and silicon-oninsulator has allowed them to be manifested as small as 1.5 µm in radius [10], and when used in conjunction with the free-carrier dispersion effect [11], well into Ghz-rate bandwidth. Figure 1A illustrates the optical resonance of the microring and its shift with applied electrical bias [12]. In their most basic capacity they can serve as effective filters [13], switches [14,15], and modulators [16,17]. Additionally, microrings can be cascaded along the same waveguide bus, with each microring being offset to provide functionality for a specific wavelength. In this manner, the microring lends itself naturally for wavelength-divisionmultiplexed ...

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“…With future improvement, the tuning range of the device can be also remarkably increased by using microheater structures for temperature tuning [34,35].…”

Section: Gsmr-enhanced All-optical Up and Down Wavelength Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-Enhanced Optical Signal Processing

Wang¹,

Hu²

2017

Graphene Materials - Advanced Applications

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Graphene has emerged as an attractive material for a myriad of optoelectronic applications due to its variety of remarkable optical, electronic, thermal and mechanical properties. So far, the main focus has been on graphene based photonics and optoelectronics devices. Due to the linear band structure allowing interband optical transitions at all photon energies, graphene has remarkably large third-order optical susceptibility χ (3) , which is only weakly dependent on the wavelength in the near-infrared frequency range. Graphene possesses the properties of the enhancement four-wave mixing (FWM) of conversion efficiency. So, we believe that the potential applications of graphene also lies in nonlinear optical signal processing, where the combination of its unique large χ (3) nonlinearities and dispersionless over the wavelength can be fully exploited. In this chapter, we give a brief overview of our recent progress in graphene-assisted nonlinear optical device which is graphene-coated optical fiber and graphene-silicon microring resonator and their applications, including degenerate FWM based tunable wavelength conversion of quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) signal, two-input optical computing, three-input high-base optical computing, graphene-silicon microring resonator enhanced nonlinear optical device for on-chip optical signal processing, and nonlinearity enhanced graphenesilicon microring for selective conversion of flexible grid multi-channel multi-level signal.

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Maximizing the Thermo-Optic Tuning Range of Silicon Photonic Structures

Cited by 102 publications

References 2 publications

Nanophotonic Devices for Optical Interconnect

Nanophotonic Devices for Optical Interconnect

Resolving the thermal challenges for silicon microring resonator devices

Graphene-Enhanced Optical Signal Processing

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