Maximizing Energy Efficiency in Downlink Massive MIMO Systems by Full-complexity Reduced Zero-forcing Beamforming

Abstract

Energy efficiency (EE) is one of the key design goals for fifth-generation (5G) cellular networks due to the intermittent properties of renewable energy sources and limited battery capacity. In this paper, we analyze the EE of downlink (DL) massive multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system based on circuit power consumption for the transmit antenna configuration. We designed full complexity reduced zero-forcing (ZF) beamforming to cancel out interbeam interference when the number of antennas and minimized the power consumption model, when formulating the power allocation optimization problem with the Lagrange duality method, in order to maximize EE. Simulation results revealed that the EE in the base station (BS) could be improved when the number of radio frequency (RF) chains was proportional to the optimal transmit power allocation and when the consumption circuit power was comparable to the transmit power.

RIS-destekli SSK şemalarının Ricean sönümlenmeli kanallardaki ABER analizi

“…Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, which conventionally configure a separate RF chain for each antenna, are also proposed as a key physical layer solution to increase spectral efficiency [3]. However, a larger number of RF chain increases the cost of both the RF circuit and wireless cellular networks [4]. Additionally, hundreds or even thousands of antennas are simultaneously being activated in massive MIMO systems, and that causes a significant increment in the energy consumed by the RF chain [5].…”