Maxillozygional Anthropometric Landmark: A New Morphometric Orientation Point in the Upper Face

Quantitative Topographical Evaluation of the Orbitozygomatic Complex

“…DISCUSSION A method for precise assessment of orbitozygomatic complex position would be a great tool for reconstructive and aesthetic plastic surgeons. Because the thin soft tissue in this area allows previously identified topographical landmarks 6 -8 to accurately reflect the underlying facial skeleton, 7 we used the techniques of craniofacial anthropometry to describe the position of the orbitozygomatic complex in a three-dimensional field. To locate the complex on the z axis, we used the maxillozygionopisthocranion distance; on the y axis, we used the maxillozygion-vertex and orbitale-vertex distances; finally, on the x axis, we used the maxillozygion-nasion and zygion-nasion distances.…”

Alternatives to Radiation Investigations in Orthodontics

“…Two horizontal planes commonly used for facial widths are the bizygomatic diameter, interzygonion (zy-zy), and mandibular or lower face width, inter-gonion (go-go). Generally, such evaluations assist in picking up asymmetry greater than 2mm 84 . These dimensions form indices for facial proportions.…”

Ultrasonography, lateral cephalometry and 3D imaging of the human masseter muscle

“…The physiognomy of the face is influenced by the skeletal pattern, and the transverse dimension is an important variable that can be analysed by either anthropometry or 3D techniques (5) as assessment is not available through routine lateral cephalometric analyses.…”