“…Unsatisfactory outcomes often result from undetected ZMC axial rotations, such as the greater wind of the sphenoid. 4,14 We adopted the reference points described by Donald 10 and modified by Czerwinski et al, 7 who validated that the system is reliable and simple; furthermore, they confirmed that the system is suitable for describing the relative position of ZMC by using only 6 references, which are zy, n, mz, or, v, and op, and direct measurement. Direct anthropometry may lead to patient discomfort and is time consuming; furthermore, the relationship between skeletal and soft tissue cannot be defined and evaluated clearly.…”