Maxillary arch dimensions in the first 6 months of life and their relationship with pacifier use

Zen, Igor; Soares, Marcos Hirata; Pinto, Leila Maria Cesário Pereira; Ferelle, Antônio; Pessan, Juliano Pelim; Garbelini, Cássia Cilene Dezan

doi:10.1007/s40368-019-00487-9

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Growth of the palates did not occur, consistently, in all spatial directions and showed an insignificant increase in palatal depth, within the first year. A flattening of the growth curve for palatal depth was, also, confirmed in our study, as well as in a study by Zen et al [ 36 ]. Therefore, a physiological growth effect in favor of other structures can be assumed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The undersizing of pacifiers is, also, significant in terms of different populations. Zen et al investigated the palatal width and depth on 80 Brazilian term newborns at birth and six months of age [ 36 ]. Although the measurement points were not identical to the present study, they were able to determine significantly larger median values for the width and depth of the palate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Environmental factors and genetic causes are discussed in relation to habits [ 36 ]. For example, the weaned pacifier may be replaced by the thumb and exacerbate a narrow palate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conformity between Pacifier Design and Palate Shape in Preterm and Term Infants Considering Age-Specific Palate Size, Facial Profile and Lip Thickness

et al. 2022

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This retrospective case-control study is the first to examine the spatial conformity between pacifiers and palates in 39 preterm infants (12 females, 27 males) and 34 term infants (19 females, 15 males), taking into account the facial-soft-tissue profile and thickness. The shape of 74 available pacifiers was spatially matched to the palate, and conformity was examined using width, height, and length measurements. In summary, the size concept of pacifiers is highly variable and does not follow a growth pattern, like infant palates do. Pacifiers are too undersized in width, length, and height to physiologically fit the palate structures from 0 to 14 months of age. There are two exceptions, but only for premature palates: the palatal depth index at 9–11 months of age, which has no clinical meaning, and the nipple length at <37 weeks of age, which bears a resemblance to the maternal nipple during non-nutritive sucking. It can be concluded that the age-size concept of the studied pacifiers does not correspond to any natural growth pattern. Physiologically aligned, pacifiers do not achieve the age-specific dimensions of the palate. The effects attributed to the products on oral health in term infants cannot be supposed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conformity between Pacifier Design and Palate Shape in Preterm and Term Infants Considering Age-Specific Palate Size, Facial Profile and Lip Thickness

et al. 2022

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“…Previous study analyzed the maxillary dimensions at the first six months of life and estimated that the relative transversal growth of the anterior portion of the maxilla is around three times quicker than that of the posterior portion (81.9% vs. 26.2%) 17 . This points out to an anterior widening of the maxilla during that period and highlights the impact of cheiloplasty performed at the first months of life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical effects of rehabilitation protocols on dental arch occlusion of children with cleft lip and palate

et al. 2022

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Aim: to evaluate the surgical effects of two rehabilitation protocols on dental arch occlusion of 5-year-old children with or without cleft lip and palate. Methods: this is a retrospective longitudinal study the sample comprised 45 digitized dental casts divided into followed groups: Group 1 (G1) – children who underwent to cheiloplasty (Millard technique) at 3 months and to one-stage palatoplasty (von Langenbeck technique) at 12 months; Group 2 (G2) – children who underwent to cheiloplasty (Millard technique) and two-stage palatoplasty (Hans Pichler technique for hard palate closure) at 3 months and at 12 months to soft palate closure (Sommerlad technique); and Group 3 (G3) – children without craniofacial anomalies. Linear measurements, area, and occlusion were evaluated by stereophotogrammetry software. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to verify normality. ANOVA followed by posthoc Tukey test and Kruskal-Wallis followed by posthoc Dunn tests were used to compared groups. Results: For the measures intercanine distance (C-C’), anterior length of dental arch (I-CC’), and total length of the dental arch (I–MM’), there were statistical differences between G1x G3 and G2xG3, the mean was smaller for G1 and G2. No statistically significant differences occurred in the intermolar distance and in the dental arch area among groups. The occlusion analysis revealed significant difference in the comparison of the three groups (p=0.0004). Conclusion: The surgical effects of two rehabilitation protocols affected the occlusion and the development of the anterior region of the maxilla of children with oral clefts when compared to children without oral clefts.

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“…Many factors come into play during morphological development of the palate, and the forces of NNS have a direct effect on the structures of the palate [ 6 – 8 ]. These forces acting on the palatal suture, palatal shelves, Tektal plates, and the palatal vault contribute to alveolar and palatal grooving, high arch palates, palatal constriction, dental crossbites, compromised airways, facial asymmetries, and changes in the form and dimension of the palate [ 6 – 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional comparison of pacifiers using finite element analysis

Tesini

Usui

et al. 2022

BMC Oral Health

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Background Pacifiers have been shown to affect maxillary growth related to the anatomic structure of the palate and forces placed upon it during sucking. This study compares and evaluates the mechanical behavior of pacifiers of different design and size (i.e., fit), identified by brand and size, positioned in age-specific palatal models with respect to both contact area and force when subjected to peristaltic tongue function and intraoral pressure related to non-nutritive sucking. Methods Nonlinear finite element analyses were used to simulate dynamic mechanical interaction between the pacifiers and palates. Time-varying, external pressure loads were applied which represent intraoral pressure arising from non-nutritive sucking and peristaltic behavior of the tongue. The silicone rubber pacifier bulb was represented using a hyperelastic material model. Results Results from the finite element analyses include deformation, stress, strain, contact area, and contact force. Mechanical interaction was evaluated in terms of the spatial distribution of the contact area and force between the pacifier and the palate. The resulting palatal interaction profiles were quantitatively compared to assess how pacifier fit specifically affects the support provided to two areas of the palate, the palatal vault and the Tektal wall. Conclusions Pacifiers interact with the palate differently based on their fit (i.e., design and size) regardless of whether they are labeled conventional or orthodontic. Finite element analysis is an effective tool for evaluating how a pacifier’s design affects functional mechanics and for providing guidance on biometric sizing.

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Maxillary arch dimensions in the first 6 months of life and their relationship with pacifier use

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Conformity between Pacifier Design and Palate Shape in Preterm and Term Infants Considering Age-Specific Palate Size, Facial Profile and Lip Thickness

Conformity between Pacifier Design and Palate Shape in Preterm and Term Infants Considering Age-Specific Palate Size, Facial Profile and Lip Thickness

Surgical effects of rehabilitation protocols on dental arch occlusion of children with cleft lip and palate

Functional comparison of pacifiers using finite element analysis

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