Maturational timing and overweight prevalence in US adolescent girls

Adair, Linda S.; Gordon‐Larsen, Penny

doi:10.2105/ajph.91.4.642

Cited by 254 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Various studies have shown the association between overnutrition and early puberty [22,23,24,25,26]. The effect of obesity on early puberty has been reported mostly in girls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of obesity on early puberty has been reported mostly in girls. Different studies investigating the association between body weight and pubertal age in girls have shown that weight gain during childhood was a factor in the earlier onset of puberty [22,23,24]. On the other hand, there is no consensus on the effect of obesity on pubertal maturation in boys.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changing Etiological Trends in Male Precocious Puberty: Evaluation of 100 Cases with Central Precocious Puberty over the Last Decade

et al. 2015

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Background/Aims: There are few studies in the literature that have evaluated the etiological factors in boys with central precocious puberty (CPP), and these studies are limited in terms of the sample size. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the etiological factors in male CPP cases. Methods: One hundred male CPP subjects, aged between 9 months and 10.5 years, were included. The medical records were screened, and age at diagnosis, bone age, body weight, height, pubertal stage, imaging findings of the pituitary gland, testosterone, and basal and stimulated gonadotropin levels were recorded. Results: There was no underlying cause in 74% of the cases, and an organic cause was determined in only 26%. Most of the organic cases had been diagnosed before the age of 7 years, whereas most of the idiopathic cases had been diagnosed after the age of 7 years. Conclusion: An organic cause was determined in 26% of the male patients with CPP. This rate is one of the lowest rates in the literature and indicates that the number of idiopathic male CPP cases is increasing over time. When a boy is diagnosed with CPP above the age of 7 years, the odds of detecting an underlying pathology are very low, and these cases are mostly idiopathic.

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“…Various studies have shown the association between overnutrition and early puberty [22,23,24,25,26]. The effect of obesity on early puberty has been reported mostly in girls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Etiological Trends in Male Precocious Puberty: Evaluation of 100 Cases with Central Precocious Puberty over the Last Decade

et al. 2015

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“…Adair and Gordon-Larsen [8] examined the relationship between age at menarche and overweight in US adolescents. Early maturing girls were twice as likely to be overweight than average maturers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constitutional Advancement of Growth Is Associated with Early Puberty in Girls

Papadimitriou

Kanakis²,

Douros³

et al. 2011

Horm Res Paediatr

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Background: Constitutional advancement of growth (CAG) is the growth pattern of early growth acceleration that has been shown to be characteristic in girls with idiopathic precocious puberty (IPP). The aim of this study was to examine the growth pattern of girls with early puberty compared to girls with IPP. Methods: We studied the growth pattern, from birth to presentation, of 61 girls with early puberty, of 40 girls with IPP and of 100 healthy girls with normal pubertal onset that served as controls. Results: Height SDS (HSDS) at presentation was significantly different among the 3 groups (p < 0.001). Girls with early puberty were shorter than girls with IPP (HSDS 0.63 ± 1.09 vs. 0.98 ± 0.95, respectively, p < 0.001) and taller than control girls (HSDS 0.05 ± 0.94, p < 0.05). By comparing the linear growth pattern from birth to presentation, pairwise comparisons showed that it differed significantly between early puberty and control (p < 0.001) as well as between IPP and control girls (p < 0.001), whereas the difference between girls with IPP and early puberty was not significant (p = 0.09). Conclusion:Girls with early puberty present the pattern of CAG suggesting that IPP lies at the extreme of the distribution of the normal timing of puberty onset.

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“…One recent US study examined the relationship of age at menarche to obesity, and its main results are shown in figure 12. The study focused on percentage overweight [body mass index (BMI) >85%] girls with early, average or late puberty among four different ethnic groups in the USA [41]. The results showed that early maturation nearly doubled the odds of being overweight, or vice versa.…”

Section: Nutrition and Sexual Maturationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Percentage overweight (BMI >85%) girls with early, average or late puberty among four different ethnic groups in the USA [41]. …”

Section: Nutrition and Sexual Maturationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secular Trends in Pubertal Development

2002

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Objective: To describe the secular trend in pubertal development in relation to the secular trend in height. Methods: Literature review of cross-sectional, longitudinal and twin studies. Results: Globally, there is a secular trend in adolescent growth for an increased mean final height at adulthood. To a lesser extent, there is also a secular trend towards earlier puberty. However, it seems that the two trends are not strongly connected. The increase in average height over the generations can, to a large extent, be explained by an earlier onset of the growth hormone-dependent phase of growth in early life. The age when this growth ‘spurt’ occurs in childhood strongly correlates with final height, but is not related to the age at peak height velocity during puberty. There is a large variation in the timing of the onset of puberty; it is largely influenced genetically, as implied by studies in twins. The single environmental factor that stands out as most significant – possibly explaining as much as 25% of the variation in the timing of puberty – is simply nutritional status in childhood; overnutrition and obesity seem to trigger pubertal onset. However, recent studies have identified that both shortness and thinness at birth are also associated with earlier pubertal maturation – a reverse of their impact during childhood years. Conclusions: More longitudinal studies are needed to understand the short- and long-term consequences of secular changes in both final height and pubertal development before we know how important the trends are.

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Maturational timing and overweight prevalence in US adolescent girls

Cited by 254 publications

References 25 publications

Changing Etiological Trends in Male Precocious Puberty: Evaluation of 100 Cases with Central Precocious Puberty over the Last Decade

Changing Etiological Trends in Male Precocious Puberty: Evaluation of 100 Cases with Central Precocious Puberty over the Last Decade

Constitutional Advancement of Growth Is Associated with Early Puberty in Girls

Secular Trends in Pubertal Development

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