Maturational Changes in Peripheral Lymphocyte Subsets Pertinent to Monitoring Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Chinese Pediatric Patients

Kam, Kai Man; Leung, Wing Tat; Wong, Ka Hing; Lee, Shui Shan; Hung, M Y; Kwok, Mei Yee

doi:10.1128/cdli.8.5.926-931.2001

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…A comparison is provided in Tables 3 and 4 of the results obtained from the present study with previously published reference intervals of lymphocyte subsets from children in Hong Kong (8), the United States (6), Cameroon (9), and Italy (7), using similar flow cytometric technologies with monoclonal antibodies. We combined the boys and girls from each age group of the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Lymphocyte subset distributions by age are reported in Table 1 (percentages) and Table 2 (absolute counts 310 9 /L), which also list WBC and lymphocyte values. We tabulated the 10th and 90th percentiles, in addition to 11 (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18) 11 (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) 11 (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22) …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in antibody production are the hallmark of various human B-cell deficiencies, known as primary antibody deficiencies (PADs); these conditions are the most common primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) (5). Some studies (1,2,(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19) have demonstrated that age, sex, race, geographic area, and nutritional status can influence variation in Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China lymphocyte subsets, and undernutrition due to insufficient intake of energy and macronutrients and/or due to deficiencies in specific micronutrients can impair the immune system, such as suppressing immune functions that are fundamental to host protection (20), which could in turn influence the distribution of different lymphocyte subsets. Normally, the immune system is functionally immature at birth, and it undergoes sequential development that is genetically determined and additionally stimulated by antigen exposure (21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age‐ and sex‐related reference intervals of lymphocyte subsets in healthy ethnic Han Chinese children

Jia

Zhang

et al. 2015

Cytometry Pt A

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Immunophenotyping of blood lymphocytes has become an important tool in the diagnosis of immunologic and hematologic disorders such as immunodeficiencies, lymphoproliferative and autoimmune diseases. Lymphocyte subsets include total T-cells, and NK-cells (CD3 2 CD16 1 CD56 1 ). Specific lymphocyte subset reference intervals should be locally established for meaningful comparison and to obtain an accurate interpretation of the results. Reference intervals of lymphocyte subsets for Chinese children are scarce. We performed dual-platform flow cytometry to determine the reference intervals of the percentages and absolute counts of lymphocyte subsets, including total T-cells, TH cells, TC cells, B-cells, and NK-cells in 1,027 ethnic Han children aged 4 months to 7 years in Henan, China. The children were divided into seven age groups. The percentages and absolute counts differed significantly with age, with the percentages of TH cells and B cells and the CD4/CD8 ratio peaking during the first year, while the percentages of total T cells, TC cells, and NK cells were obviously increased with age; girls showed a trend toward having a higher percentage of TH cells and a higher CD4/CD8 ratio than boys. The absolute counts of lymphocyte subsets peaked during first year and then decreased steadily with age. The reference intervals of lymphocyte subsets among children from China differed from the reported values in Hong Kong, the United States, Cameroon, and Italy. The differences observed could be due to genetic and environmental factors, coupled with the methodology used. The reference intervals of lymphocyte subsets could be used as initial national reference ranges in guidelines for children aged 4 months to 7 years. V C 2015 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age‐ and sex‐related reference intervals of lymphocyte subsets in healthy ethnic Han Chinese children

Jia

Zhang

et al. 2015

Cytometry Pt A

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“…Differences in absolute cell numbers and percentage of lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood seem to be evident between childhood and adulthood [11,13,14,[23][24][25]. The different distributions and changes of T and B lymphocytes during aging have been reviewed recently [26,27].…”

Section: Factors Influencing the Distribution Of Lymphocytes In The Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphocyte numbers and subsets in the human blood

2007

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“…It has been reported that CD4 + T cells were the major cell type producing interferongamma (IFN-c), a type 1 cytokine which plays an important role in the host immune response (Leung et al, 2009). Some authors underline that there were statistically significant differences in CD4 + T-cell subpopulations between children at different ages (P < 0.05) (Lee et al, 1996;Kam et al, 2001). As a consequence, we concluded that a special diagnostic threshold for a positive result may be adjusted for children based on their suboptimal and developmental cellular immune responses.…”

Section: Articles Excludedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interferon gamma release assay in diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis: a meta-analysis

Sun

Xiao

Miao

et al. 2011

FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol

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Although interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) have been widely used for the diagnosis of latent and active tuberculosis in adults, a relative lack of validation studies in children has led to caution in their clinical interpretation. This meta-analysis systematically evaluated two IGRAs (ELISA and ELISPOT) and the tuberculin skin test (TST). We searched databases (PubMed, MED-LINE, Ovid) between January 2000 and January 2011 using search terms of latent tuberculosis infection or tuberculosis and interferon gamma release assay, or T-SPOT.TB test, or QuantiFERON-TB Gold, or ESAT-6, or CFP-10, and child, or childhood, or pediatrics. We also collected data by performing a manual search of references from relevant articles and communicating with selected authors. The meta-analysis was conducted with random effects models to account for heterogeneity between selected studies. The sensitivities of all three tests in active tuberculosis were similar. The pooled sensitivity was 70% for ELISA studies, 62% for ELISPOT studies and 71% for TST. Calculated sensitivities for IGRAs and the TST differ in culture-confirmed tuberculosis [ELISA (85%) vs. ELISPOT (76%) vs. TST (85%)] and clinical diagnosed cases [ELISA (64%) vs. ELISPOT (58%) vs. TST (66%)]. The pooled specificity was 100% for ELISA and 90% for ELISPOT, but was much lower for TST [56% in all included studies and 49% in children with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination]. The agreement between the TST and IGRAs in non-BCG-vaccinated children is higher than that in BCG-vaccinated children. In the diagnosis of active tuberculosis in children, the TST and IGRAs have similar sensitivity. By contrast, the specificity of IGRAs is far greater than the TST, particularly in children with previous BCG vaccination.

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Maturational Changes in Peripheral Lymphocyte Subsets Pertinent to Monitoring Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Chinese Pediatric Patients

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

Age‐ and sex‐related reference intervals of lymphocyte subsets in healthy ethnic Han Chinese children

Age‐ and sex‐related reference intervals of lymphocyte subsets in healthy ethnic Han Chinese children

Lymphocyte numbers and subsets in the human blood

Interferon gamma release assay in diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis: a meta-analysis

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