Maturation of Rod Function in Preterm Infants with and without Retinopathy of Prematurity

Hamilton, Ruth; Bradnam, Michael S.; Dudgeon, J. A.; Mactier, Helen

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.05.018

Cited by 25 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Subjects having ROP were excluded from this analysis as these infants often have altered responses from preterm infants who do not have ROP. 24,25,30 There were no significant differences for other scotopic or photopic ERG parameters.…”

Section: (Supplementary Information 2 Contains Trial Growth Data)mentioning

confidence: 82%

Effect of carotenoid supplementation on plasma carotenoids, inflammation and visual development in preterm infants

et al. 2011

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Objective: Dietary carotenoids (lutein, lycopene and b-carotene) may be important in preventing or ameliorating prematurity complications. Little is known about carotenoid status or effects of supplementation.Study Design: This randomized controlled multicenter trial compared plasma carotenoid levels among preterm infants (n ¼ 203, <33 weeks gestational age) fed diets with and without added lutein, lycopene and b-carotene with human milk (HM)-fed term infants. We assessed safety and health.Result: Plasma carotenoid levels were higher in the supplemented group at all time points (P<0.0001) and were similar to those of term HM-fed infants. Supplemented infants had lower plasma C-reactive protein (P<0.001). Plasma lutein levels correlated with the full field electroretinogram-saturated response amplitude in rod photoreceptors (r ¼ 0.361, P ¼ 0.05). The supplemented group also showed greater rod photoreceptor sensitivity (least squares means 6.1 vs 4.1; P<0.05). Conclusion:Carotenoid supplementation for preterm infants raises plasma concentrations to those observed in HM-fed term infants. Carotenoid supplementation may decrease inflammation. Our results point to protective effects of lutein on preterm retina health and maturation.

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Section: (Supplementary Information 2 Contains Trial Growth Data)mentioning

confidence: 82%

Effect of carotenoid supplementation on plasma carotenoids, inflammation and visual development in preterm infants

et al. 2011

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“…We and others have recorded ERG responses to full-field stimuli from infants and children with a history of preterm birth, including those with and without ROP (Akerblom et al, 2014; Birch et al, 1992; Fulton et al, 2009; Fulton et al, 2001; Hamilton et al, 2008; Kennedy et al, 1997). We calculated rod photoreceptor sensitivity (S ROD ) and saturated response amplitude (R ROD ) (Fulton et al, 2001; Hood and Birch, 1994; Lamb and Pugh, 1992) from the a-wave using the phototransduction model (Eq.…”

Section: Assessment Of Rod and Rod-driven Retinal Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The neural retina in retinopathy of prematurity

Hansen

Moskowitz

Akula

et al. 2017

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research

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Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a neurovascular disease that affects prematurely born infants and is known to have significant long term effects on vision. We conducted the studies described herein not only to learn more about vision but also about the pathogenesis of ROP. The coincidence of ROP onset and rapid developmental elongation of the rod photoreceptor outer segments motivated us to consider the role of the rods in this disease. We used noninvasive electroretinographic (ERG), psychophysical, and retinal imaging procedures to study the function and structure of the neurosensory retina. Rod photoreceptor and post-receptor responses are significantly altered years after the preterm days during which ROP is an active disease. The alterations include persistent rod dysfunction, and evidence of compensatory remodeling of the post-receptor retina is found in ERG responses to full-field stimuli and in psychophysical thresholds that probe small retinal regions. In the central retina, both Mild and Severe ROP delay maturation of parafoveal scotopic thresholds and are associated with attenuation of cone mediated multifocal ERG responses, significant thickening of post-receptor retinal laminae, and dysmorphic cone photoreceptors. These results have implications for vision and control of eye growth and refractive development and suggest future research directions. These results also lead to a proposal for noninvasive management using light that may add to the currently invasive therapeutic armamentarium against ROP.

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“…It is essential to understand better the retinal function and maturation in preterm infants, which can be evaluated with standard full-field flash ERG. In premature and full-term infants, ERG responses have been recorded at very young ages [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. However, there is no study comparing the standard ERG responses to full-field stimuli of term-born infants at birth to those of healthy preterm infants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of electroretinogram between healthy preterm and term infants

et al. 2010

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To investigate the retinal development in healthy preterm infants through standard ganzfeld electroretinograms (ERG) and compare the difference of ERG between the healthy preterm and term infants. Forty-nine 49 healthy infants were recruited to this study, including 20 preterm and 29 term infants. All the infants were grouped as follows: term 40 W group (ERG recorded at birth), term 44 W group (ERG recorded at 4 weeks after birth), preterm 35 W group (ERG recorded at birth) and preterm 40 W group (ERG recorded at due date). Standard ganzfeld flash ERG was performed according to the ISCEV standard for the clinical electroretinogram (2008). The ERG amplitudes in the term 44 W group were notably larger than those of the term 40 W group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups for combined-b and cone-b responses. The implicit time of cone-b, combined-a and 30 Hz in term 44 W group was significantly shorter than that in term 40 W group, and there was no significant difference in other ERG responses between the two groups. Amplitude of ERG waves in preterm 35 W group was only 48.7-78.0% of that in term 40 W group, and the difference of all ERG waves between the two groups was statistically significant, but there was no significant difference between the two groups for implicit time of all responses except rod-b. There was no significant difference between the amplitude of ERG waves in term 40 W and preterm 40 W groups; however, implicit time of cone-a and cone-b in term 40 W is significantly longer than that in preterm 40 W group. The ERG amplitudes in the preterm 35 W group were notably smaller than those of the preterm 40 W group, and except cone-a response, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant, while the difference of the implicit time between the two groups was not significant. OPs could not be recorded in some infants. OPs were seen significantly less frequently in the preterm 35 W group than in either the term 40 W group (Fisher exact test, P = 0.006) or the term 44 W group (Fisher exact test, P = 0.02). No other significant inter-group frequency differences were found. The mean amplitude ratio b/a was not significantly different between the four groups (P > 0.05) (analysis of variance). The retina is not fully developed at birth in healthy preterm infants. The preterm ISCEV ERG matures rapidly after birth and by term reaches the degree of maturation found in term born neonates.

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Maturation of Rod Function in Preterm Infants with and without Retinopathy of Prematurity

Cited by 25 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of carotenoid supplementation on plasma carotenoids, inflammation and visual development in preterm infants

Effect of carotenoid supplementation on plasma carotenoids, inflammation and visual development in preterm infants

The neural retina in retinopathy of prematurity

Comparison of electroretinogram between healthy preterm and term infants

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