The stability of iron ascorbate solutions was investigated, under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions, with the Fez+ and Fe3+ indicators, respectively ferrozine and mimosine, at different pH values. The species present under the differing conditions were investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and Mossbauer spectroscopy and by gel-filtration chromatography. At physiological pH (6.8-7.4) iron ascorbate solutions rapidly form mononuclear chelatable Fe3+ species as reflected by indicator studies and EPR. Mossbauer spectroscopy fails to detect any Fez+ species. EPR studies show a time-dependent decrease in rhombic Fe3+, particularly in oxygenated buffers, consistent with a conversion to polynudear Fe. 0, uptake studies show that the conversion of Fez+ to Fe3+ in Fe-ascorbate solutions a t pH > 7.0 was accompanied by rapid 0, consumption but preceded depletion of ascorbate. Addition of high concentrations of mannitol (50-200 mM) reduces the 0, consumption and partly stabilizes the rapidly chelatable Fe form. Gel filtration studies show that the oxidation of Fe-ascorbate solutions at pH 7.4 is accompanied by an increase in the apparent relative molecular mass of the Fe, presumably due to Fe polymer formation. These studies indicate the inherent instability of Fe-ascorbate solutions above neutral pH and clearly have important implications in the use of ascorbate in studies of Fe physiology.Iron: Ascorbate solutions: Speciation of iron Fe-containing media, incorporating both 0, and ascorbate, have been widely used in studies of intestinal Fe absorption (