Matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation of the knee: mid-term and long-term follow-up by MR arthrography

Genovese, Eugenio Annibale; Ronga, Mario; Angeretti, Maria Gloria; Novario, Raffaele; Leonardi, Anna; Albrizio, Mauro; Callegari, Leonardo; Fugazzola, Carlo

doi:10.1007/s00256-010-0939-8

Cited by 53 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Variations on ACI, such as matrix‐assisted chondrocyte implantation (MACI), where cells are seeded or expanded on a scaffold prior to implantation, have also been in clinical use for a number of years. MRI assessment of cartilage repair has revealed a more hyaline‐like zonal architecture following MACI compared to microfracture (Welsch et al , 2008) and recent studies have also highlighted advantages of MACI compared to ACI (Basad et al , 2010; Genovese et al , 2010). However, the repair tissue found with both procedures is still at best hyaline‐like (Getgood et al , 2009a, 2009b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carboxylic Acid (Bio)Isosteres in Drug Design

2013

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The carboxylic acid functional group can be an important constituent of a pharmacophore, however, the presence of this moiety can also be responsible for significant drawbacks, including metabolic instability, toxicity, as well as limited passive diffusion across biological membranes. To avoid some of these shortcomings while retaining the desired attributes of the carboxylic acid moiety, medicinal chemists often investigate the use of carboxylic acid (bio)isosteres. The same type of strategy can also be effective for a variety other purposes, for example, to increase the selectivity of a biologically active compound or to create new intellectual property. Several carboxylic acid isosteres have been reported, however, the outcome of any isosteric replacement cannot be readily predicted as this strategy is generally found to be dependent upon the particular context (i.e., the characteristic properties of the drug and the drug–target). As a result, screening of a panel of isosteres is typically required. In this context, the discovery and development of novel carboxylic acid surrogates that could complement the existing palette of isosteres remains an important area of research. The goal of this Minireview is to provide an overview of the most commonly employed carboxylic acid (bio)isosteres and to present representative examples demonstrating the use and utility of each isostere in drug design.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carboxylic Acid (Bio)Isosteres in Drug Design

2013

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“…MRA did not reveal any irregularities of the articular surface and showed good integration of the cartilage of the oCD fragment with the surrounding tissue. We used MRA because it can show the presence of minimal clefts between the oCD fragment and the condyle and between the osteochondral plugs and the surrounding cartilage, otherwise no evident at standard MR (15). in all cases the arthroscopic evaluation confirmed the type and size of the lesions highlighted by MRA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…the "unit 2" protocol consisted of 3D isotropic t1 sequences in the axial plane; sagittal and coronal tsE t1 sequences; and sagittal or coronal fat-saturated FsE PD/t2 sequences. An independent observer (GA), blinded to the surgical treatment, evaluated the MRA findings using the modified MoCARt scoring scale (15).…”

Section: Surgical Technique and Rehabilitation Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of unstable osteochondritis dissecans in adults with autogenous osteochondral grafts (Mosaicplasty): long-term results

Ronga

Stissi

Barbera

et al. 2015

Joints

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Purpose: the unstable osteochondritis dissecans (oCD-type ii and iii according to the iCRs classification) of the knee largher than > 2.5 cm 2 in adults are uncommon lesions and there is no consensus on how to treat them. Medium-term studies have reported good re sults using autogenous osteochondral plugs (mosaicplasty). the aim of this study is to analyze the long-term results of this technique for the treatment of unstable oCD in a selected group of adult patients. Methods: four patients with oCD at either one of the femoral condyles were included in this prospective study. the average age was 21.2 years (range, 18-24 years). the oCD lesions were classified as type ii in three patients and type iii in one patient and the average size was 3.8 cm 2 (range, 2.55-5.1 cm 2 ). the lesions were treated in situ with a variable number of autogenous osteochondral plugs (Ø 4.5 mm 2 ). the Modified Cincinnati, Lysholm ii and tegner scores were used for clinical and functional evaluation. Magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) was performed before surgery and at 2, 5 and 10 years after surgery. A modified MoCARt score was used to evaluate MRA findings.Results: the average follow-up duration was ten years and 6 months (range, 10-11 years). no complications occurred. At the final follow-up, all scores (clinical, functional and MoCARt) improved. in all but one of the patients MRA showed complete osteochondral repair. Conclusions: the fixation of large and unstable oCD lesions with mosaicplasty may be a good option for treating type ii or iii oCD lesions in adults. the advantages of this technique include stable fixation, promotion of blood supply to the base of the oCD fragment, and grafting of autologous cancellous bone that stimulates healing with preservation of the articular surface. Level of evidence: Level iV, therapeutic case series.

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“…Genovese et al performed MR arthrography on13 patients with a total of 15 matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation grafts 30 and 60 months following implantation. 2 The grafts were evaluated using the modified Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (MOCART) scoring scale, which was compared with validated clinical scores. 2 They found a relationship between the MR and clinical scores at both follow-up intervals and concluded that MR arthrography is a useful tool for long-term follow-up in this setting.…”

Section: Autologous Chondrocyte Implantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MR and CT Arthrography of the Knee

Kalke

Primio

Schweitzer

2012

Semin Musculoskelet Radiol

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MR and CT arthrography are important imaging modalities for the assessment of the knee in certain situations. Indications for MR arthrography of the knee include assessment of the postoperative meniscus, the presence of chondral and osteochondral lesions, and the presence of intra-articular bodies. The major indication for CT arthrography is evaluating suspected internal derangement in patients who are unable to undergo MRI. In addition to reviewing the established clinical indications for MR and CT arthrography of the knee, the commonly used techniques, normal variants that can simulate disease, and the most commonly found pathologies that can be diagnosed with these modalities are discussed. Potential indications that are not currently well established in the literature including the evaluation of anterior cruciate ligament injury and autologous chondrocyte implants are examined. Where appropriate, the literature on controversial topics or diagnoses is reviewed. The use of conventional imaging versus CT and MR arthrography is also compared.

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Matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation of the knee: mid-term and long-term follow-up by MR arthrography

Abstract: Magnetic resonance arthrography improved the evaluation of implants and facilitated the characterisation of MACI integration with contiguous tissues. The follow-up showed significant changes in MACI, even at 60 months, allowing for useful long-term MR evaluations.

Cited by 53 publications

References 45 publications

Carboxylic Acid (Bio)Isosteres in Drug Design

Carboxylic Acid (Bio)Isosteres in Drug Design

Treatment of unstable osteochondritis dissecans in adults with autogenous osteochondral grafts (Mosaicplasty): long-term results

MR and CT Arthrography of the Knee

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