Matrix assisted pulsed laser deposition of light emitting polymer thin films

Fitzgerald, James W.; Jennings, Gregory; Johnson, Robert M.; Fraser, Cassandra L.

doi:10.1007/s00339-003-2392-1

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A pulsed laser is then focused through the glass, into the donor film, initiating the transfer of a small mass of material onto a confined region of the receiver surface. 3,10 For example, solid inorganic materials may be suspended in a liquid [11][12][13] or polymers dissolved in a solvent [14][15][16] to form an ink which is spread to a thin film. 3 The LIFT technique was originally demonstrated by printing from solid films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-resolved study of polyimide absorption layers for blister-actuated laser-induced forward transfer

Brown¹,

Kattamis²,

Arnold³

2010

Journal of Applied Physics

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Articles you may be interested inIn-situ characterization of femtosecond laser-induced crystallization in borosilicate glass using time-resolved surface third-harmonic generation Blister-actuated laser-induced forward transfer ͑BA-LIFT͒ is a versatile, direct-write process capable of printing high-resolution patterns from a variety of sensitive donor materials without damage to their functionality. In this work, we use time-resolved imaging to study the laser-induced formation of blisters on polyimide films in order to understand and optimize their role in BA-LIFT. We find that the initial blister expansion occurs very rapidly ͑Ͻ100 ns͒, followed by a brief oscillation ͑100-500 ns͒, and then a longer time contraction to steady-state dimensions ͑0.5-50 s͒. This behavior is explained by kinetic and thermal effects that occur during the process. We further probe the influence of polyimide thickness, laser beam diameter, and laser fluence on blister formation characteristics. Results indicate that the presence of a thin layer of donor material on the polyimide surface does not have a significant effect on the size and shape of the blisters which form.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-resolved study of polyimide absorption layers for blister-actuated laser-induced forward transfer

Brown¹,

Kattamis²,

Arnold³

2010

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…52,53 Fitz-Gerald et al 52 used a pulsed excimer laser (KrF, 248 nm, 10 Hz) at a very low fluence of 0.04 J/cm 2 to grow thin films of a ruthenium tris(bipyridine)-centered star-shaped poly(methyl methacrylate) from a solution of dimethoxy-ethane. However, comparison of 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) spectra between the native and deposited material revealed distinguishable degradation.…”

Section: Ultraviolet (Uv) Pld and Maplementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Resonant Infrared Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation

Torres

Johnson

Haglund

et al. 2011

Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences

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For the last decade, a variant of pulsed laser ablation, Resonant-Infrared Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation (RIR-MAPLE), has been studied as a deposition technique for organic and polymeric materials. RIR-MAPLE minimizes photochemical damage from direct interaction with the intense laser beam by encapsulating the polymer in a high infrared-absorption solvent matrix. This review critically examines the thermally-induced ablation mechanisms resulting from irradiation of cryogenic solvent matrices by a tunable free electron laser (FEL). A semi-empirical model is used to calculate temperatures as a function of time in the focal volume and determine heating rates for different resonant modes in two model solvents, based on the thermodynamics and kinetics of the phase transitions induced in the solvent matrices.Three principal ablation mechanisms are discussed, namely normal vaporization at the surface, normal boiling, and phase explosion. Normal vaporization is a highly inefficient polymer deposition mechanism as it relies on collective collisions with evaporating solvent molecules. Diffusion length calculations for heterogeneously nucleated vapor bubbles show that normal boiling is kinetically limited. During high-power pulsed-FEL irradiation, phase explosion is shown to be the most significant contribution to polymer deposition in RIR-MAPLE. Phase explosion occurs when the target is rapidly heated (10 8 to 10 10 K/s) and the solvent matrix approaches its critical temperature. Spontaneous density stratification (spinodal decay) within the condensed metastable phase leads to rapid homogeneous nucleation of vapor bubbles. As these vapor bubbles interconnect, large pressures build up within the condensed phase, leading to target explosions and recoil-induced ejections of polymer to a near substrate. Phase explosion is a temperature (fluence) threshold-limited process, while surface evaporation can occur even at very low fluences.

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“…It was concluded that chloroform yielded chemically reactive chloride species during deposition that were responsible for structural degradation of the polymer, while water did not photodissociate into reactive species and did not generate structural changes in the polymer to the same extent. Fitz-Gerald et al, reported on the UV-MAPLE deposition of a Ruthenium-based PMMA polymeric metal complex [20]. A low-MW peak in the size distribution indicated partial cleavage of the PMMA chains.…”

Section: Gpc Measurement Of Polymer Molecular Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A variety of pulsed laser deposition and MAPLE techniques have yielded polymer films for which the chemical integrity remains intact, as characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies. However, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) measurement of the structural integrity of the polymers often finds a reduction in molecular weight after deposition [12,13,[19][20][21]. In this paper, the effects of the emulsion-based RIR-MAPLE thin film deposition technique on polymer molecular weight are presented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Emulsion-Based Resonant Infrared Matrix Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation (RIR-MAPLE) on the Molecular Weight of Polymers

2012

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Abstract:The molecular weight of a polymer determines key optoelectronic device characteristics, such as internal morphology and charge transport. Therefore, it is important to ensure that polymer deposition techniques do not significantly alter the native polymer molecular weight. This work addresses polymers deposited by resonant infrared matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (RIR-MAPLE). By using a novel emulsion-based target technique, the deposition of smooth, contiguous films with no evidence of chemical degradation have been enabled. However, structural degradation via a reduction in molecular weight remains an open question. The common polymer standard, PMMA, and the optoelectronic polymers, P3HT and MEH-PPV, have been characterized before and after emulsion-based RIR-MAPLE deposition via gel permeation chromatography to determine if RIR-MAPLE affects the deposited polymer molecular weight. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurements have also been conducted to verify the absence of chemical degradation. These measurements verify that there is no chemical degradation of the polymers, and that PMMA and P3HT show no structural degradation, but MEH-PPV exhibits a halving of the weight-averaged molecular weight after RIR-MAPLE deposition. Compared with competing laser deposition techniques, RIR-MAPLE is shown to have the least effect on the molecular weight of the resulting thin films. OPEN ACCESSPolymers 2012, 4 342

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Matrix assisted pulsed laser deposition of light emitting polymer thin films

Cited by 25 publications

References 16 publications

Time-resolved study of polyimide absorption layers for blister-actuated laser-induced forward transfer

Time-resolved study of polyimide absorption layers for blister-actuated laser-induced forward transfer

Mechanisms of Resonant Infrared Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation

Effects of Emulsion-Based Resonant Infrared Matrix Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation (RIR-MAPLE) on the Molecular Weight of Polymers

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