Mathematical Modelling of Muscle Effect on the Kinematics of the Head-Neck Complex in a Frontal Car Collision: A Parameter Study

Wittek, Adam; Kajzer, Janusz

doi:10.1080/10803548.1998.11076390

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The active force-velocity relation can be described as a function of maximum shortening velocity of muscle V 0 . 23,24 A relation for the contractile stress of the muscle fiber s CE was presented by Winters…”

Section: Materials Modeling Of Skeletal Musclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21,25 The optimal length can be further simplified by taking it as the muscle resting length L 0 , 25 but here an optimal length of 1:05L 0 is adopted to compare with the study by Hedenstierna et al 8 Based on the experiments on a rabbit muscle, 33 a piecewise linear curve was presented. In another study, a formulation for the function f L giving the following force-length relation 23,24…”

Section: Materials Modeling Of Skeletal Musclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 In an eccentric contraction where the muscle is stretched, the active force in the muscle shows an asymptotic behavior with respect to the stretching velocity. The function f V describing the force-velocity relation is considered here 23,24 and has the form…”

Section: Materials Modeling Of Skeletal Musclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To get the engineering stress in accordance with the available experimental data 10,11 and simulation results, 8 the force in the muscle in different stretch values was divided by the initial cross-sectional area of the muscle at mid-belly having the value of 45 mm 2 . In activated 27 (dashed line), experimental data 33 (solid line with dots), and the fitted curve using exponential relation, 24 where C sh value of 0.24 was used (solid line).…”

Section: Model Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Simulation of active skeletal muscle tissue with a transversely isotropic viscohyperelastic continuum material model

Khodaei

Mostofizadeh

Brolin

et al. 2013

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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Human body models with biofidelic kinematics in vehicle pre-crash and crash simulations require a constitutive model of muscle tissue with both passive and active properties. Therefore, a transversely isotropic viscohyperelastic continuum material model with element-local fiber definition and activation capability is suggested for use with explicit finite element codes. Simulations of experiments with New Zealand rabbit's tibialis anterior muscle at three different strain rates were performed. Three different active force-length relations were used, where a robust performance of the material model was observed. The results were compared with the experimental data and the simulation results from a previous study, where the muscle tissue was modeled with a combination of discrete and continuum elements. The proposed material model compared favorably, and integrating the active properties of the muscle into a continuum material model opens for applications with complex muscle geometries.

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Section: Materials Modeling Of Skeletal Musclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials Modeling Of Skeletal Musclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials Modeling Of Skeletal Musclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Simulation of active skeletal muscle tissue with a transversely isotropic viscohyperelastic continuum material model

Khodaei

Mostofizadeh

Brolin

et al. 2013

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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show abstract

“…1, which was implemented into the PAM-SCUM Solid Core Library for bar finite element models (Wittek, 1998). This model is valid for quasi-static extensions and contractions of skeletal muscles.…”

Section: Hill's Muscle Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of ergonomics and muscular comfort

Haug

Trameçon

Allain

et al. 2001

KSME International Journal

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Commercially available software packages permit to posmon human models of various geometries in practical scenarios while respecting the anatomical constraints of the skeletal joints and of the bulk of the bodies. Beyond such features, the PAM-Comfort" software has been conceived to provide direct access to the muscular forces needed by humans to perform physical actions where muscle force is required. The PAM-Comfort™ human models are made of multi-body linked anatomical skeletons, equipped with finite elements ofthe relevant skeletal muscles. The hyper-static problem of determination of muscle forces is solved by optimisation techniques. Voluntary stiffening of muscles can be added to the basic contraction levels needed to perform a specific task. The calculated muscle forces obey Hill's model. The model and software have been applied in several interesting scenarios of various fields of application, such as car industry, handling of equipment and sports activities.

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Finite Element Analysis of Cervical Spine Kinematic Response during Ejection Utilising a Hill-Type Dynamic Muscle Model

Gong,

Cheng,

Teo

et al. 2024

Bioengineering

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To determine the impact of active muscle on the dynamic response of a pilot’s neck during simulated emergency ejection, a detailed three-dimensional (3D) cervical spine (C0–T1) finite element (FE) model integrated with active muscles was constructed. Based on the Hill-type model characterising the muscle force activation mechanics, 13 major neck muscles were modelled. The active force generated by each muscle was simulated as functions of (i) active state (Na), (ii) velocity (Fv(v)), and (iii) length (FL(L)). An acceleration-time profile with an initial acceleration rate of 125 G·s−1 in the 0–80 ms period, reaching peak acceleration of 10 G, then kept constant for a further 70 ms, was applied. The rotational angles of each cervical segment under these ejection conditions were compared with those without muscles and with passive muscles derived from the previous study. Similar trends of segmental rotation were observed with S- and C-curvature of the cervical spine in the 150 ms span analysed. With active muscles, the flexion motion of the C0–C2 segments exhibited higher magnitudes of rotation compared to those without muscle and passive muscle models. The flexion motion increased rapidly and peaked at about 95–105 ms, then decreased rapidly to a lower magnitude. Lower C2–T1 segments exhibited less variation in flexion and extension motions. Overall, during emergency ejections, active muscle activities effectively reduce the variability in rotational angles across cervical segments, except C0–C2 segments in the 60–120 ms period. The role of the active state dynamics of the muscles was crucial to the magnitude of the muscle forces demonstrated. This indicates that it is crucial for pilots to consciously contract their muscles before ejection to prevent cervical spine injuries.

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Mathematical Modelling of Muscle Effect on the Kinematics of the Head-Neck Complex in a Frontal Car Collision: A Parameter Study

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Simulation of active skeletal muscle tissue with a transversely isotropic viscohyperelastic continuum material model

Simulation of active skeletal muscle tissue with a transversely isotropic viscohyperelastic continuum material model

Modelling of ergonomics and muscular comfort

Finite Element Analysis of Cervical Spine Kinematic Response during Ejection Utilising a Hill-Type Dynamic Muscle Model

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