Mathematical estimation of fluid concentration in human skin during water immersion

Aijaz, Mir; Almanjahie, Ibrahim M.; Dar, Javid Gani

doi:10.1016/j.jare.2020.05.004

Cited by 1 publication

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“…The heat (due to fever) from the body is taken away by the water resulting in cooling down the temperature of the forehead and, in turn, reducing the fever in subsequent regions. Aijaz et al [ 13 ] elaborated how the water that diffuses into the skin plays a significant role in the fluctuation of temperature profiles near the skin surface and subsequent regions. Khanday et al [ 14 ] estimated the fluid distribution patterns in human skin at various values of metabolic heat generation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Simulation and Numerical Computation of the Temperature Profiles in the Peripherals of Human Brain during the Tepid Sponge Treatment to Fever

Aijaz¹,

Dar

Almanjahie

et al. 2022

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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Background. Fever is one of the frequently occurring diseases in human beings, and the body is said to have befallen in fever if the arterial or internal body temperature rises to 38°C. The patient who suffers from fever is either given paracetamol or tepid sponging or both. Objective. This paper is aimed at studying the effects of the tepid sponge in normalizing the high temperature of the human body during fever. Among the various available methods for tepid sponging, the impact of holding a cool wet cloth on the forehead for reducing the fever is analyzed and pictured graphically. Method. For analyzing the effects of tepid sponge on the temperature distribution of the domain consisting of scalp, skull, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), a cool wet cloth is brought in contact with the skin allowing the heat to transfer from the brain to the wet cloth through these layers. The heat transfer in living biological tissues is different from ordinary heat transfer in other nonliving materials. Therefore, a model based on the bioheat equation has been constructed. The model has been solved by numerical methods for both steady- and unsteady-state cases. The domain, which consists of the scalp, skull, and CSF layers of the human head, has been discretized into four equal parts along the axes of the three-dimensional coordinate system. The forward difference and forward time centered space approximations were employed for numerical temperature distribution results at the nodal points. Results. The effects of tepid sponge in reducing the body temperature with fever at 38°C, 39.5°C, and 41°C have been numerically calculated, and the results were pictured graphically. For transient cases, the corresponding calculations have been carried out at times t = 2 minutes , 4 minutes, and 6 minutes. Conclusion. Among all the available remedies to fever, tepid sponging has shown a significant effect in controlling fever.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%