Maternal Zinc Intakes and Homeostatic Adjustments during Pregnancy and Lactation

Donangelo, Carmen M.; King, Janet C.

doi:10.3390/nu4070782

Cited by 108 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…We did not limit the studies to a specific period during gestation when zinc was measured and this information was not provided in eight studies [32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39]. However, zinc concentrations decline across gestation due to a combination of factors including hemodilution and increased fetal demand [40,41] and this made direct comparison of the studies difficult.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zinc levels in maternal circulation decrease across gestation; this is thought to be due to a combination of increased maternal blood volume and fetal demands [40,121,122,123], and therefore comparisons between studies which measured zinc in maternal serum or plasma early in pregnancy versus late should be interpreted with caution. Overall, regardless of pregnancy outcome, the majority (31 out of 59 studies which measured maternal circulating zinc) collected samples during labor or at delivery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between Maternal Zinc Status, Dietary Zinc Intake and Pregnancy Complications: A Systematic Review

et al. 2016

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Adequate zinc stores in the body are extremely important during periods of accelerated growth. However, zinc deficiency is common in developing countries and low maternal circulating zinc concentrations have previously been associated with pregnancy complications. We reviewed current literature assessing circulating zinc and dietary zinc intake during pregnancy and the associations with preeclampsia (PE); spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB); low birthweight (LBW); and gestational diabetes (GDM). Searches of MEDLINE; CINAHL and Scopus databases identified 639 articles and 64 studies were reviewed. In 10 out of 16 studies a difference was reported with respect to circulating zinc between women who gave birth to a LBW infant (≤2500 g) and those who gave birth to an infant of adequate weight (>2500 g), particularly in populations where inadequate zinc intake is prevalent. In 16 of our 33 studies an association was found between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and circulating zinc; particularly in women with severe PE (blood pressure ≥160/110 mmHg). No association between maternal zinc status and sPTB or GDM was seen; however; direct comparisons between the studies was difficult. Furthermore; only a small number of studies were based on women from populations where there is a high risk of zinc deficiency. Therefore; the link between maternal zinc status and pregnancy success in these populations cannot be established. Future studies should focus on those vulnerable to zinc deficiency and include dietary zinc intake as a measure of zinc status.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Maternal Zinc Status, Dietary Zinc Intake and Pregnancy Complications: A Systematic Review

et al. 2016

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“…60, 61 For several nutrients transported against concentration gradients (for example, folate, iron, zinc), nutrient-specific transporters are up-regulated when availability is limited to maintain fetal supply. 45, 61-63 This is perhaps most clearly demonstrated with respect to iron status, where placental transferrin receptor (TfR) and natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 2 (also known as divalent metal transporter 1) have been shown to be upregulated in response to fetal iron status. 45, 61 Other water soluble vitamins (such as, vitamins B 6 , B 12 and C) are also actively transported to the fetus, 64 while fat-soluble vitamins tend to cross the placenta along a gradient that parallels maternal status.…”

Section: Micronutrient Function During Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Micronutrient deficiencies in pregnancy worldwide: health effects and prevention

et al. 2016

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Micronutrients, vitamins and minerals accessible from the diet, are essential for biologic activity. Micronutrient status varies widely throughout pregnancy and across populations. Women in low-income countries often enter pregnancy malnourished, and the demands of gestation can exacerbate micronutrient deficiencies with health consequences to the fetus. Examples of efficacious single micronutrient interventions include folic acid to prevent neural tube defects, iodine to prevent cretinism, zinc to reduce of preterm birth, and iron to reduce the risk of low birth weight. Folic acid and vitamin D might also increase birth weight. While extensive mechanism and association research links antenatal multiple micronutrients to plausible materno-fetal health advantages, hypothesized benefits have often been absent, minimal or unexpected in trials. These findings suggest a role for population context in determining health responses and extensive gaps in knowledge. Multiple micronutrient supplements reduce risks of being born low birth weight, small for gestational age or stillborn in undernourished settings, and justify micronutrient interventions with antenatal care. Measurable health effects of gestational micronutrient exposure may persist into childhood but few data exists on potential long-term benefits. In this Review, we discuss micronutrient intake recommendations, risks and consequences of deficiencies, and the effects of interventions with a particular emphasis on offspring.

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“…Zinc is also more concentrated at the tooth's crown, indicative of higher pre-natal zinc levels. It is possible that these levels reflect components of both maternal bone store levels and current maternal exposure levels [32].…”

Section: Bioimaging Of Lead Zinc and Lithium In Deciduous Teeth Fromentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioimaging of trace metals in ancient Chilean mummies and contemporary Egyptian teeth by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)

Farell

Amarasiriwardena

Goodman

et al. 2013

Microchemical Journal

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Maternal Zinc Intakes and Homeostatic Adjustments during Pregnancy and Lactation

Cited by 108 publications

References 86 publications

Association between Maternal Zinc Status, Dietary Zinc Intake and Pregnancy Complications: A Systematic Review

Association between Maternal Zinc Status, Dietary Zinc Intake and Pregnancy Complications: A Systematic Review

Micronutrient deficiencies in pregnancy worldwide: health effects and prevention

Bioimaging of trace metals in ancient Chilean mummies and contemporary Egyptian teeth by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)

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