Maternal prolactin inhibition during lactation programs for metabolic syndrome in adult progeny

Moura, Egberto Gaspar de; Bonomo, I; Nogueira-Neto, José Firmino; Oliveira, Elaine de; Trevenzoli, Isis Hara; Reis, Adelina M.; Passos, M. C. F.; Lisboa, Patrícia Cristina

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2009.176289

Cited by 46 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Our results show that the Bro-Sed offspring had symptoms of metabolic syndrome, including visceral obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, lower HDL-c, hypertension, and insulin resistance, as similar results previously reported by our laboratory (Bonomo et al 2007, Moura et al 2009). Physical training consisting of low-intensity short-duration chronic exercise on motorized running wheels induced higher fitness levels in regular rats (C-Ex group).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In the first model, we used a pharmacological approach to inhibit the production of maternal prolactin (PRL) with the dopamine agonist bromoa-ergocryptine (Bro). This method programs for obesity, hyperleptinemia, leptin resistance (Bonomo et al 2007), and hypothyroidism (Bonomo et al 2008), and symptoms (including insulin resistance and an altered lipid profile) are similar to those of metabolic syndrome (Moura et al 2009). More recently, we obtained a similar profile in adult animals with a non-pharmacological model where a maternal bandage was used to cover the teats of the dam in the late lactation, thus also inducing an early weaning of offspring (Lima et al 2011(Lima et al , 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of running wheel training on adult obese rats programmed by maternal prolactin inhibition

Boaventura

Casimiro-Lopes

Pazos‐Moura

et al. 2013

Journal of Endocrinology

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The inhibition of maternal prolactin production in late lactation leads to metabolic syndrome and hypothyroidism in adult offspring. Physical training is a therapeutic strategy that could prevent or reverse this condition. We evaluated the effects of a short-duration low-intensity running wheel training program on the metabolic and hormonal alterations in rats. Lactating Wistar rats were treated with bromocriptine (Bro, 1 mg twice a day) or saline on days 19, 20, and 21 of lactation, and the training of offspring began at 35 days of age. Offspring were divided into sedentary and trained controls (C-Sed and C-Ex) and sedentary and trained Bro-treated rats (Bro-Sed and Bro-Ex). Chronic exercise delayed the onset of weight gain in Bro-Ex offspring, and the food intake did not change during the experimental period. At 180 days, visceral fat mass was higher (C46%) in the Bro-Sed offspring than in C-Sed and Bro-Ex rats. As expected, running capacity was higher in trained animals. Most parameters observed in the Bro-Sed offspring were consistent with hypothyroidism and metabolic syndrome and were reversed in the Bro-Ex group. Chronic exercise did not influence the muscle glycogen in the C-Ex group; however, liver glycogen was higher (C30%) in C-Ex group and was unchanged in both Bro offspring groups. Bro-Ex animals had higher plasma lactate dehydrogenase levels, indicating skeletal muscle damage and intolerance of the training program. Low-intensity chronic training is able to normalize many clinical aspects in Bro animals; however, these animals might have had a lower threshold for exercise adaptation than the control rats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of running wheel training on adult obese rats programmed by maternal prolactin inhibition

Boaventura

Casimiro-Lopes

Pazos‐Moura

et al. 2013

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…In studies with experimental animal models, Moura et al (2009) caused early weaning by applying a compound that prevents the production of prolactin, the hormone that induces the secretion of milk, to the female rat. The animals that weaned earlier reached adulthood with 10% more weight, 40% more total fat and up to 300% more visceral fat (that formed within the organs and hence the most harmful).…”

Section: Importance Of Breastfeedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As expected, the rodents in the first group ate less, but those in the second group continued feeding, which indicated they showed no response to the hormone. Moura et al (2009) observed another hormonal imbalance: rats weaned prematurely developed hypothyroidism. They presented 50% lower blood levels of the hormone thyrotropin, whose function is to activate the thyroid gland, which produces Braz.…”

Section: Importance Of Breastfeedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These hormonal and metabolic alterations are apparently a phenomenon of epigenetic programming (alterations in gene functioning), which must still be proven (MOURA et al, 2009). However it has been proven that maternal malnutrition induced by the inhibition of prolactin during the final phase of lactation, promoted the metabolic programming for obesity, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance as adults, increasing the risk of developing the metabolic syndrome.…”

Section: Importance Of Breastfeedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human development: from conception to maturity

Sgarbieri

Pacheco

2017

Braz. J. Food Technol.

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The main objective of this review was to describe and emphasize the care that a woman must have in the period prior to pregnancy, as well as throughout pregnancy and after the birth of the baby, cares and duties that should continue to be followed by mother and child throughout the first years of the child's life. Such cares are of nutritional, behavioral and lifestyle natures, and also involve the father and the whole family. Human development, from conception to maturity, consists of a critical and important period due to the multitude of intrinsic genetic and environmental factors that influence, positively or negatively, the person's entire life. The human being, who originated and passed his/her first phase of development in the womb, receives influence from different factors: a) of parental origin (father and mother), including health and lifestyle of the father and mother, genetic inheritance, nutrition of the mother prior to and during pregnancy; b) events that affected the mother and hence the child under development in intrauterine life, at birth (delivery), during perinatal period, and throughout the early years of life. The fragility of development continues throughout the preschool, school and adolescent periods during which proper nutrition with a balanced lifestyle is essential and depends on guidance from the parents, caregivers and teachers. Keywords: Human development; Nutrition; Health care; Genetic inheritance. ResumoO principal objetivo desta revisão é descrever -além de enfatizar -o cuidado que a mulher deve ter no período anterior à gravidez, bem como durante toda a gravidez e após o nascimento do bebê. Tais cuidados e deveres devem permanecer com a mãe e a criança nos primeiros anos de vida. Estes cuidados são de natureza nutricional, comportamental e de estilo de vida, e também envolvem o pai e toda a família. O desenvolvimento humano, desde a concepção até a maturidade, consiste em um período crítico e importante devido à multiplicidade de fatores genéticos e ambientais intrínsecos, que influenciam, positiva ou negativamente, a vida da pessoa em toda a sua longevidade. O ser humano, que é originário e tem sua primeira fase de desenvolvimento no útero, recebe influência de diferentes fatores: a) origem parental (pai e mãe), incluindo saúde e estilo de vida do pai e da mãe, herança genética, nutrição da mãe antes e durante a gravidez; b) eventos que podem ocorrer com a mãe e que afetam a criança em desenvolvimento na vida intrauterina, no parto (nascimento), no período perinatal e nos primeiros anos de vida. A fragilidade no desenvolvimento continua nos períodos pré-escolar, escolar e de adolescência, nos quais uma nutrição adequada, com um estilo de vida equilibrado, é essencial e dependente da orientação dos pais, cuidadores e professores.

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Early weaning alters redox status in the hippocampus and hypothalamus of rat pups

Klein

August

Santos

et al. 2020

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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Exposure to environmental factors can program the metabolism, conferring resistance or increasing the risk to chronic disease development in childhood and adulthood. In this sense, lactation is an important period in this window of development. Herein, we investigated the effect of early weaning on neurochemical and behavioral changes in offspring at weaning and adulthood. Female and male pups were divided into four groups: (1) Control weaning (weaning on the PND21, pups were kept with the biological mother); (2) Early Weaning Bromocriptine group (EWB) (pharmacological weaning on PND16); (3) Early Weaning Cross-Fostering group (EWCF) (pups housed with a foster mother on PND16 up to PND21); (4) Early Weaning Without Care group (EWWC) (weaning on PND16, maternal separation). Weight control of pups was recorded from postnatal Day 16 to 59. On the 21st day, part of the pups was euthanized and the hippocampus and hypothalamus were removed for biochemical evaluation. The remaining pups were submitted to behavioral tests on the 60th postnatal day. Early weaning reduced the pups' body weight, in a sexdependent way. At 60 days of age, male pups of EWCF and EWWC groups have lower body weight compared to control male, and female body weight was lower than male pups. In relation to biochemical changes in the brain, weaning altered the levels of oxidants, increased the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), as well as induced lipid peroxidation. Weaning was also able to alter long-term memory and induce anxious behavior in pups. Our results demonstrate that the different types of early weaning changed the parameters of redox status in the hippocampus and hypothalamus of pups (21 days old), suggesting a prooxidative profile, in addition, to alter learning/memory and inducing an anxious behavior in male offspring (60 days old).

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Maternal prolactin inhibition during lactation programs for metabolic syndrome in adult progeny

Cited by 46 publications

References 69 publications

Effects of running wheel training on adult obese rats programmed by maternal prolactin inhibition

Effects of running wheel training on adult obese rats programmed by maternal prolactin inhibition

Human development: from conception to maturity

Early weaning alters redox status in the hippocampus and hypothalamus of rat pups

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