Maternal Predictors Of Intrauterine Growth Retardation

Mohammad, Nadia; Sohaila, Arjumand; Rabbani, Unaib; Ahmed, Sagheer; Ahmed, Shakeel; Ali, Safdar

doi:10.29271/jcpsp.2018.09.681

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Mohammad et al (8) agreed with our study and stated that younger (25.8± 2.1 years), maternal age is a risk factor of IUGR. Their case-control study reported that maternal factors associated with IUGR after adjusting for confounders in the multivariable model included younger age (OR=0.9, CI=0.8-0.9), body mass index (25.74±3.8) kg/m 2 (OR=3.0, CI=1.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Relation between Vitamin D Deficiency and Fetal Growth Restriction in Pregnant Women

Mahfod

Behery²,

Zaitoun³

et al. 2022

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Relation between Vitamin D Deficiency and Fetal Growth Restriction in Pregnant Women

Mahfod

Behery²,

Zaitoun³

et al. 2022

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine

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“…Another maternal cause of growth retardation is maternal hypertension (45,46). Fetuses of women presenting gestational hypertension have an increased risk of IUGR as well as an increased risk of fetal morbidity and mortality (47).…”

Section: Maternal Causesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highlighting the trajectory from intrauterine growth restriction to future obesity

Gantenbein

Kanaka-Gantenbein

2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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During the last decades several lines of evidence reported the association of an adverse intrauterine environment, leading to intrauterine restriction, with future disease, such as obesity and metabolic syndrome, both leading to increased cardiovascular and cancer risk. The underlying explanation for this association has firstly been expressed by the Barker’s hypothesis, the “thrifty phenotype hypothesis”. According to this hypothesis, a fetus facing an adverse intrauterine environment adapts to this environment through a reprogramming of its endocrine-metabolic status, during the crucial window of developmental plasticity to save energy for survival, providing less energy and nutrients to the organs that are not essential for survival. This theory evolved to the concept of the developmental origin of health and disease (DOHaD). Thus, in the setting of an adverse, f. ex. protein restricted intrauterine environment, while the energy is mainly directed to the brain, the peripheral organs, f.ex. the muscles and the liver undergo an adaptation that is expressed through insulin resistance. The adaptation at the hepatic level predisposes to future dyslipidemia, the modifications at the vascular level to endothelial damage and future hypertension and, overall, through the insulin resistance to the development of metabolic syndrome. All these adaptations are suggested to take place through epigenetic modifications of the expression of genes without change of their amino-acid sequence. The epigenetic modifications leading to future obesity and cardiovascular risk are thought to induce appetite dysregulation, promoting food intake and adipogenesis, facilitating obesity development. The epigenetic modifications may even persist into the next generation even though the subsequent generation has not been exposed to an adverse intrauterine environment, a notion defined as the “transgenerational transfer of environmental information”. As a consequence, if the increased public health burden and costs of non-communicable chronic diseases such as obesity, hypertension, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes have to be minimized, special attention should be laid to the healthy lifestyle habits of women of reproductive age, including healthy diet and physical activity to be established long before any pregnancy takes place in order to provide the best conditions for both somatic and mental health of future generations.

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“…The long-term risk of growth-restricted fetuses is similar to that of offspring of women with GDM, and the role of insulin resistance has been recognized [14]. Numerous cohort studies and epidemiological studies in human populations suggest that the effects of GDM, PE, maternal obesity on intrauterine growth disturbances (both FGR and macrosomia) [15,16]. Interestingly, a study using piglets as an experimental model indicated that IUGR significantly impairs small intestine structure, modifies gut microbiota colonization, and disturbs inflammatory and metabolic profiles during the first 12 h after birth [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the gut microbiota in pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

Duan

Lin

et al. 2022

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Background Fetal growth restriction (FGR) in utero leads to failure of fetus to reach the genetically normal growth potential. Currently available means of treating FGR are limited. And it remains unknown how pregnant women who give birth to FGR fetus differ in gut microbiota composition from normal pregnant women. Methods In this case-control study, fecal samples were obtained from maternal rectum in the operation room by an obstetrician under strict aseptic conditions. We compared gut microbiota of 14 pregnant women with FGR and 18 normal controls by performing 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing. Results We identified significant differences in β-diversity between the FGR and control groups (P < 0.05). At genus level, Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium and Lachnospira were highly abundant in the FGR subjects, which are significantly enriched in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways related to glycometabolism. Conclusion These findings demonstrated that the distinct composition of the gut microbiota between FGR and normal pregnant women could contribute to an improved understanding of the prevention and treatment of FGR.

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Maternal Predictors Of Intrauterine Growth Retardation

Abstract: Young age, primigravida status, low gestational weight gain, previous history of abortion, PIH and GDM have strong association with IUGR; hence, special consideration is essential to overcome these issues in order to improve maternal and neonatal health.

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

The Relation between Vitamin D Deficiency and Fetal Growth Restriction in Pregnant Women

The Relation between Vitamin D Deficiency and Fetal Growth Restriction in Pregnant Women

Highlighting the trajectory from intrauterine growth restriction to future obesity

Characteristics of the gut microbiota in pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

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