Maternal pre-pregnancy overweight and neonatal gut bacterial colonization are associated with cognitive development and gut microbiota composition in pre-school-age offspring

Guzzardi, Maria Angela; Ederveen, Thomas H. A.; Rizzo, Francesca; Weisz, Alessandro; Collado, María Carmen; Muratori, Filippo; Gross, Gabriele; Alkema, Wynand; Iozzo, Patricia

doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2021.12.009

Cited by 40 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…It has been demonstrated, that mHFD increases Firmicutes, Tenericutes, and Verrucomicrobia, and decreases Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria in mice offspring (Wankhade et al, 2017;Guo et al, 2018;Xie et al, 2018;Sanguinetti et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2019). In particular, mHFD has been shown to cause the deficiency of Lactobacillus (L.) reuteri in the offspring gut in mice (Buffington et al, 2016) and Bifidobacterium in humans (Guzzardi et al, 2022), mirrored by social and cognitive behavioral deficits.…”

Section: Maternal Microbial Dysbiosis and Offspring Brain Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of maternal high-fat diet on offspring neurodevelopment

et al. 2022

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A maternal high-fat diet affects offspring neurodevelopment with long-term consequences on their brain health and behavior. During the past three decades, obesity has rapidly increased in the whole human population worldwide, including women of reproductive age. It is known that maternal obesity caused by a high-fat diet may lead to neurodevelopmental disorders in their offspring, such as autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia. A maternal high-fat diet can affect offspring neurodevelopment due to inflammatory activation of the maternal gut, adipose tissue, and placenta, mirrored by increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in both maternal and fetal circulation. Furthermore, a maternal high fat diet causes gut microbial dysbiosis further contributing to increased inflammatory milieu during pregnancy and lactation, thus disturbing both prenatal and postnatal neurodevelopment of the offspring. In addition, global molecular and cellular changes in the offspring’s brain may occur due to epigenetic modifications including the downregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression and the activation of the endocannabinoid system. These neurodevelopmental aberrations are reflected in behavioral deficits observed in animals, corresponding to behavioral phenotypes of certain neurodevelopmental disorders in humans. Here we reviewed recent findings from rodent models and from human studies to reveal potential mechanisms by which a maternal high-fat diet interferes with the neurodevelopment of the offspring.

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Section: Maternal Microbial Dysbiosis and Offspring Brain Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of maternal high-fat diet on offspring neurodevelopment

et al. 2022

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“…Moutan cortex polysaccharides up-regulated the abundance of Lactobacillus and Muribaculaceae_unclassified , thus improving intestinal barrier and inflammatory response in diabetic rats ( 55 ). In addition, overweight during pregnancy reduced the abundance of Blautia in the gut microbiota of newborns ( 56 ), which was associated with the deterioration of intestinal inflammation and metabolic phenotype in obese children ( 57 ). Except for the reduction in anti-inflammatory bacteria, the increase in pro-inflammatory bacteria also contributes to the inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk fat globule membrane supplementation to obese rats during pregnancy and lactation promotes neurodevelopment in offspring via modulating gut microbiota

Yuan

Gong

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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Pre-pregnancy obesity and high-fat diet (HFD) during pregnancy and lactation are associated with neurodevelopmental delay in offspring. This study aimed to investigate whether milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) supplementation in obese dams could promote neurodevelopment in offspring. Obese female rats induced by HFD were supplemented with MFGM during pregnancy and lactation. Maternal HFD exposure significantly delayed the maturation of neurological reflexes and inhibited neurogenesis in offspring, which were significantly recovered by maternal MFGM supplementation. Gut microbiota analysis revealed that MFGM supplementation modulated the diversity and composition of gut microbiota in offspring. The abundance of pro-inflammatory bacteria such as Escherichia shigella and Enterococcus were down-regulated, and the abundance of bacteria with anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity functions, such as Akkermansia and Lactobacillus were up-regulated. Furthermore, MFGM alleviated neuroinflammation by decreasing the levels of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the circulation and brain, as well as inhibiting the activation of microglia. Spearman’s correlation analysis suggested that there existed a correlation between gut microbiota and inflammation-related indexes. In conclusion, maternal MFGM supplementation promotes neurodevelopment partly via modulating gut microbiota in offspring.

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“…The 2′-FL-supplemented IF feeding enriched a new functional genus with potential probiotic properties, Blautia, which maintains intestinal homeostasis and inhibits inflammation by promoting SCFA production . Lactating infants whose mothers were overweight during gestation had reduced Blautia abundance, which may stem from microbial transmission between mother and infant Blautia regulates metabolism in infants and children, especially lipid metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…36 Lactating infants whose mothers were overweight during gestation had reduced Blautia abundance, which may stem from microbial transmission between mother and infant. 37 Blautia regulates metabolism in infants and children, especially lipid metabolism.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2′-Fucosyllactose Promotes the Production of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Improves Immune Function in Human-Microbiota-Associated Mice by Regulating Gut Microbiota

Chen

Yin

Xie³

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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As a natural prebiotic in human milk, 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL) is actively used in infant formula (IF). However, the 2′-FL influence on the improvement of gut microbiota and the regulation of the immune function remains unknown. In this study, human microbiota-associated (HMA) mice were used to demonstrate that feeding 2′-FL-containing IF was comparable to human milk at levels of immune cytokines (IL-2, IL-9, IL-10, and sIgA) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs, i.e., acetate and propionate). In addition, 2′-FL increased the abundance of Blautia and Olsenella and improved the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 levels. The abundance of Blautia and Olsenella positively correlated with the IL-10 levels. 2′-FL also decreased the abundance of Enterorhabdus and Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006 and elevated SCFA levels, showing a negative correlation between these genera and SCFAs. Our findings revealed that feeding 2′-FL-containing IF drives the levels of cytokines and SCFAs toward human milk levels by shaping the beneficial gut microbiota profile.

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Maternal pre-pregnancy overweight and neonatal gut bacterial colonization are associated with cognitive development and gut microbiota composition in pre-school-age offspring

Cited by 40 publications

References 59 publications

The impact of maternal high-fat diet on offspring neurodevelopment

The impact of maternal high-fat diet on offspring neurodevelopment

Milk fat globule membrane supplementation to obese rats during pregnancy and lactation promotes neurodevelopment in offspring via modulating gut microbiota

2′-Fucosyllactose Promotes the Production of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Improves Immune Function in Human-Microbiota-Associated Mice by Regulating Gut Microbiota

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