Maternal plasma soluble TRAIL is decreased in preeclampsia

Abstract

Objective Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized by systemic intravascular inflammation. Women who develop PE are at an increased risk for cardiovascular disease in later life. Tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has anti-atherosclerotic effects in endothelial cells and can mediate neutrophil apoptosis. Low soluble TRAIL (sTRAIL) and high C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations are associated with an increased risk of future cardiovascular disease in non-pregnant individuals. The aim of this study was to determine whether maternal plasma concentrations of sTRAIL and CRP differ between women with PE and those with uncomplicated pregnancies. Methods This cross-sectional study included women with an uncomplicated pregnancy (n=93) and those with PE (n=52). Maternal plasma concentrations of sTRAIL and CRP concentrations were determined by ELISA. Results 1) The median plasma sTRAIL concentration (pg/mL) was significantly lower and the median plasma CRP concentration was significantly higher in women with PE than in those with an uncomplicated pregnancy (25.55 vs. 29.17; p = 0.03 and 8.0 vs. 4.1; p=0.001, respectively); 2) the median plasma concentration sTRAIL/CRP ratio was twofold lower in women with PE than in those with an uncomplicated pregnancy (p<0.001); and 3) women with plasma sTRAIL and CRP ratio in the lowest quartile were eight times more likely to have PE than women with concentrations in the upper three quartiles (OR 8.9; 95% CI: 2.8–27.8). Conclusion Maternal plasma sTRAIL concentrations are lower (while those of CRP are higher) in women with PE than in those with uncomplicated pregnancies. These findings are consistent with the evidence of intravascular inflammation in this disorder.

TRAIL Is Decreased Before 20 Weeks Gestation in Women with Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

“…Although the ability of TRAIL to promote spiral artery remodeling is supported by several lines of evidence, there is a paucity of research describing the association between TRAIL and HDP. Chaemsaithong’s [ 28 ] study reported that plasma TRAIL concentrations were significantly lower in patients diagnosed with preeclampsia (22.55 pg/ml) compared to healthy pregnant controls (29.17 pg/ml), suggesting that TRAIL is associated with the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. However, the present study is the first to show that plasma TRAIL levels were decreased before 20 weeks gestation in patients who later developed HDP and were related to HDP (OR = 0.97, P = 0.045).…”

Is there an association between liver type fatty acid binding protein and severity of preeclampsia?

“…Preeclampsia has many features similar to the metabolic syndrome, one of which is the aberrant lipid metabolism [1,[7][8][9]. Since lipid peroxidation plays a role in the development of cardiovascular disease, mothers suffered from preeclampsia are known to have increased risks of cardiovascular disease in their later life [1,8,9].…”

“…Since lipid peroxidation plays a role in the development of cardiovascular disease, mothers suffered from preeclampsia are known to have increased risks of cardiovascular disease in their later life [1,8,9]. In addition, circulating free fatty acids (FFAs), known as the key regulators of glucose metabolism, have been shown to increase in preeclamptic patients during and before the clinical onset of the disease [1,7,9]. Since FFAs can become toxic within the cell at high levels, women who develop preeclampsia are at an increased risk for type 2 diabetes in their later life [1,7,9].…”

“…In addition, circulating free fatty acids (FFAs), known as the key regulators of glucose metabolism, have been shown to increase in preeclamptic patients during and before the clinical onset of the disease [1,7,9]. Since FFAs can become toxic within the cell at high levels, women who develop preeclampsia are at an increased risk for type 2 diabetes in their later life [1,7,9]. Endothelial cell dysfunction, possibly due to alterations in circulating lipid profiles, is characteristic of preeclampsia; therefore, it was proposed that elevated FFA might be a predisposing factor for preeclampsia [1,9].…”

“…Since FFAs can become toxic within the cell at high levels, women who develop preeclampsia are at an increased risk for type 2 diabetes in their later life [1,7,9]. Endothelial cell dysfunction, possibly due to alterations in circulating lipid profiles, is characteristic of preeclampsia; therefore, it was proposed that elevated FFA might be a predisposing factor for preeclampsia [1,9].…”