2015
DOI: 10.1002/bdra.23352
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Maternal periconceptional alcohol consumption and congenital heart defects

Abstract: Analysis of this large, well-defined study sample did not show statistically significant increased risks between measures of maternal alcohol consumption and most CHDs examined. These findings may reflect, in part, limitations with retrospective exposure assessment or unmeasured confounders. Additional studies with continued improvement in measurement of alcohol consumption are recommended.

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Cited by 31 publications
(35 citation statements)
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“…In our analyses, smoking and alcohol use were unexpectedly found to be negatively associated with PCG. While smoking and alcohol are considered risk factors for many birth defects and other adverse pregnancy outcomes, findings of negative association have been reported for some specific birth defects in other analyses based on case–control data in the U.S. (Carmichael, Ma, Shaw, & the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, ; Caspers Conway et al, ; Grewel, Carmichael, Ma, Lammer, & Shaw, ; Zhu et al, ). These findings could reflect true associations; potential mechanisms cited include vasoactive effects, endocrine effects, or antiangiogenic factors (Carmichael et al, ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…In our analyses, smoking and alcohol use were unexpectedly found to be negatively associated with PCG. While smoking and alcohol are considered risk factors for many birth defects and other adverse pregnancy outcomes, findings of negative association have been reported for some specific birth defects in other analyses based on case–control data in the U.S. (Carmichael, Ma, Shaw, & the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, ; Caspers Conway et al, ; Grewel, Carmichael, Ma, Lammer, & Shaw, ; Zhu et al, ). These findings could reflect true associations; potential mechanisms cited include vasoactive effects, endocrine effects, or antiangiogenic factors (Carmichael et al, ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…A large National Birth Defects Prevention Study estimated associations between congenital heart defects (CHDs) and case or control mother reports of periconceptional alcohol consumption (i.e., any consumption) with expected delivery dates during 1997 to 2007. The results of the study suggested that there are no statistically significant increased risks between measures of maternal alcohol consumption and most CHDs examined (Zhu et al, ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Although ethanol abstinence during pregnancy is recommended, more than 20% of pregnant women worldwide continue to abuse ethanol (Chang et al, ). Maternal ethanol consumption during pregnancy may have important teratogenic effects and result in many birth defects like face and brain anomalies, cognitive and growth delay, and fetal neurological and behavioral problems, depending on the time, dose, and length of exposure (Barr and Streissguth, ; Hoyme et al, ; May et al, ; O'Leary et al, ; Zhu et al, ). Among all alterations resulting from prenatal fetal exposure to ethanol, growth delay is one of the most consistent discoveries in clinical and experimental studies (Lee and Leichter, , ; Day et al, , ; Weinberg et al, ; Keiver et al, , ; Keiver and Weinberg, ; Simpson et al, ; Ramadoss et al, ; Probyn et al, ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%