Maternal hypothyroidism in early and late gestation: effects on neonatal and obstetric outcome

Abstract

Thyroxine dose requirement increases during pregnancy and thus close monitoring of thyroid function with appropriate adjustment of thyroxine dose to maintain a normal serum TSH level is necessary throughout gestation. Within a joint endocrine-obstetric clinic, maternal hypothyroidism at presentation and in the third trimester may increase the risk of low birthweight and the likelihood for caesarean section. The latter observation was not due to a higher rate of emergency caesarean section nor to a lower threshold for performing elective caesarean section. A larger study with adjustments made for the various confounders is required to confirm this observation.

Thyroid Function Tests During First-trimester of Pregnancy: A Review of Literature

“…There are universally agreed hyperthyroidism which was not a real, subsequently end on the need of thyroxin replacement when pregnant up with hypothyroidism which may have irreversible women do not synthesis enough thyroxin, which i s damages to mental, brain and physical functions o f outmost importance for the growing fetus and pregnant growing fetus (Roti and Emerson, 1992;Springer et al, women as well (Springer et al, 2009;Chen and Jhon, 2002;Dash et al, 2005). Idris et al, 2005). Although, there are many reports…”

“…Due to the elevated concentration of estrogen demand extraordinary attention, although the thyroid during a routine normal pregnancy and its effect on the should function properly at any time, in males and females liver the serum level of Thyroxin Binding Globulin (TBG) but it seems thyroid function tests are more at risk of increased, the consequence of increasing amount of TBG, abnormality among women particularly during pregnancy lead to elevated concentration of thyroid hormones of period and childbearing age. In addition the first trimester thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), in normal of pregnancy should be under specific and particular pregnancy (Chen and Jhon, 2002;Idris et al, 2005; medical care, due to fetus physiological demand Kooistra et al, 2006). particularly physical mental and brain developments.…”

Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in Pregnancy: A Review

“…6 Three factors have to be examined in selecting the appropriate dose at the moment the diagnosis is made: the trimester of gestation, the etiology, and the severity of the disease. 25,63 From a practical point of view, the recommended starting LT 4 daily dose should be 1.8-2 mg=kg for overt disease and 75-100 mg=day for mild cases (i.e., TSH <10 mU=L). The treatment end point is a maternal serum TSH concentration between 0.5 and 2.5 mU=L.…”

Maternal and fetal outcome in subclinical hypothyroidism in Jammu region, North India

“…6 In addition, hypothyroidism early and late in pregnancy may also increase the rate of caesarean section. 7 Fetal thyroid is capable of trapping iodine by 12 weeks and can synthesize thyroxin by 14 weeks of gestation. Even transient hypothyroidism can cause adverse neurologic outcome in a new-born.…”