Maternal exposure to intimate partner violence and breastfeeding practices in 51 low-income and middle-income countries: A population-based cross-sectional study

Caleyachetty, Rishi; Uthman, Olalekan A.; Bekele, Hana; Martín-Cañavate, Rocio; Marais, Debbi; Coles, Jennifer; Steele, Briony; Uauy, Ricardo; Koniz-Booher, Peggy

doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002921

Cited by 29 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…[35]. In a recent study by Caleyachetty et al [36], underreporting of domestic violence was also cited as a limitation, which also could have attenuate their findings [36]. On the other hand, our study's strength is that it has explored, in an unprecedented fashion, the relationship between domestic violence during pregnancy and early complementary feeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Does domestic violence during pregnancy influence the beginning of complementary feeding?

Caprara

Bernardi

Bosa

et al. 2020

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Background: This study investigate the influence of domestic violence against pregnant women on early complementary feeding and associated factors. Methods: A longitudinal observational study was conducted with a convenience sample recruited from three public hospitals in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Data on maternal age, education, marital status, breastfeeding, introduction of complementary feeding and domestic violence during pregnancy were investigated at four follow-ups points. Data on domestic violence was collected through a self-report questionnaire based on the Abuse Assessment Screen. The early introduction of complementary feeding, characterized as occurring before or at 3 months of life, was verified through a questionnaire prepared by the research group. Data analysis involved Student's t-test, the chi-square test and Cox regression and was carried out in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences program. The significance level was set at 5%. Results: A total of 232 mother-infant pairs participated in the analyses, and 15.1% of the mothers reported suffering some form of violence. Domestic violence was directly associated with maternal education, marital status, and health status during pregnancy. Domestic violence was not associated with maternal age or breastfeeding at 3 months after delivery. In the univariate analysis, domestic violence during pregnancy was associated with early complementary feeding (RR = 1.74; CI: 1.01-2.98). This effect disappeared after the model was adjusted in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: There was no relationship between domestic violence during pregnancy and early complementary feeding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Does domestic violence during pregnancy influence the beginning of complementary feeding?

Caprara

Bernardi

Bosa

et al. 2020

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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“…As stated above, maternal depression leads to poor IFPs [64]. IPV can also indirectly affect IFPs by in uencing mothers' exposure to antenatal care services [65] and hence access to nutrition related counseling. Studies have suggested that in resource limited settings quality prenatal and delivery care services signi cantly increase early initiation and duration of exclusive breastfeeding in the rst 6 months of life [66].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Maternal Depressive Symptoms on Infant Feeding Practices in Rural Ethiopia: Community Based Birth Cohort Study

Woldetensay

Belachew

Ghosh

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Infant feeding is a multidimensional and multi-risk factor practice with a vital role in ensuring optimal child health, growth and development. Maternal depression and other psychosocial factors have been shown to have adverse consequences on feeding practices. However, most of these findings were based on single infant feeding practice (IFP) dimension; for instance, early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding or introduction of complementary foods. This study aims to explore the longitudinal relationship of maternal depressive symptoms and other selected psychosocial factors with IFPs in rural Ethiopia using summary IFP index. Methods: This study uses existing data from the ENGINE birth cohort study. The study had an open cohort design, with “rolling recruitment” procedure and follow up of pregnant women for a period of two years. It was conducted from March 2014 to March 2016 in three districts in the southwest of Ethiopia. A total of 4680 pregnant women were recruited between 12 and 32 weeks of gestation. Data were collected once during pregnancy for all women (twice for those in the first trimester), at birth, and then every three months until the child was 12 months old. Standardized questionnaire were used to collect data on IFPs, maternal depressive symptoms, household food insecurity, intimate partner violence, maternal social support, active social participation, and other socio-demographic variables. A composite measure of IFP index was computed using 14 WHO recommended infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practice indicators. Prenatal and postnatal maternal depressive symptoms were assessed using the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9). Linear multilevel mixed effects model was fitted to assess longitudinal relationship of IFPs with maternal depression and other psychosocial factors. Results: Postnatal depressive symptoms (ß= -1.031, P=0.001) and intimate partner violence (ß= -0.208, P=0.001) were inversely and significantly associated with IFPs. However, prenatal maternal depressive symptoms was not significantly associated with IFPs (ß= -0.024, P=0.953). On the other hand, maternal social support (ß= 0.107, P=0.002) and maternal social participation (ß= 0.552, P<0.001) were positively associated with IFPs. Maternal education and gestational age at birth were other important factors positively associated with IFPs. Moreover, contrary to expected, moderate household food insecurity (ß= 0.836, P=0.003), severe household food insecurity (ß= 1.034, P=0.01) and infant morbidity episodes (ß= 0.625, P=0.013) were positively associated with IFPs. Conclusion: Early postnatal depressive symptoms and intimate partner violence were negative predictors of IFPs. On the other hand, maternal social support, social participation, maternal education and gestational age at birth were positive predictors of IFPs. Overall, we can conclude that multitude of factors are related to IFPs and hence coordinated, multi-sectoral and multi-stakeholder interventions including maternal depressive symptoms screening and management are needed to improve IFPs.

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“…Consistent with other studies ( Rahman et al , 2014 ; VanderEnde et al , 2015 ; Islam et al ., 2017a ; Caleyachetty et al ., 2019 ; Diamond-Smith et al 2019 ), our analysis indicated that women who live in food-insecure and low SES households were more likely to have experienced IPV. These results imply that attention must be paid to opportunities to mainstream IPV prevention and response through programming in underlying factors such as food security, livelihoods and economic empowerment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence on the influences of IPV on children's feedings are still scarce and inconsistent. A population-based study based on cross-sectional Demographic and Health Surveys from 51 LMICs showed that all three types of IPV were independently associated with a decreased likelihood of early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) ( Caleyachetty et al , 2019 ). In Bangladesh, women who experienced IPV after childbirth were also less likely to exclusively breastfed their infants ( Islam et al , 2017 a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another body of literature provides evidence on the influences of IPV on maternal physical and psychological health ( Devries et al , 2011 , 2013 a; WHO, 2013a ). And yet another set of studies has focused on associations between IPV and childcare behaviours, including breastfeeding practices ( Mezzavilla et al , 2018 ; Caleyachetty et al , 2019 ). Our study attempts to bring together an understanding of the linkages across these domains in the same context and using the same dataset.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intimate partner violence is associated with poorer maternal mental health and breastfeeding practices in Bangladesh

Tran

Nguyen

Naved

et al. 2020

Health Policy and Planning

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Exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) can have profound adverse consequences on maternal and child health. This study aimed to: (1) identify factors associated with IPV during pregnancy and postpartum in Bangladesh; and (2) assess the associations between IPV and maternal mental health and breastfeeding practices. We used data from a cross-sectional survey of 2000 mothers with children <6 months in four districts in Bangladesh. We applied multivariable logistic regression models to examine factors associated with IPV and structural equation modelling to assess the inter-relationships between IPV, maternal common mental disorders (CMD, measured by Self-reporting Questionnaire ≥7) and breastfeeding practices. Overall, 49.7% of mothers experienced violence during the last 12 months and 28% of mothers had high levels of CMD. Only 54% of women reported early initiation of breastfeeding and 64% reported exclusive breastfeeding. Women were more likely to experience IPV if living in food-insecure households, being of low socio-economic status, having low autonomy or experiencing inequality in education compared with husbands (OR ranged from 1.6 to 2.8). Women exposed to IPV were 2–2.3 times more likely to suffer from high levels of CMD and 28–34% less likely to breastfeed their babies exclusively. The indirect path (the indirect effects of IPV on breastfeeding through CMD) through maternal CMD accounted for 14% of the relationship between IPV on breastfeeding practice. In conclusion, IPV is pervasive in Bangladesh and is linked to increased risks of CMD and poor breastfeeding practices. Integrating effective interventions to mitigate IPV, along with routine maternal and child health services and involving men in counselling services, could help both to reduce exposure to IPV among women and to contribute to better health outcomes for women and children.

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Maternal exposure to intimate partner violence and breastfeeding practices in 51 low-income and middle-income countries: A population-based cross-sectional study

Cited by 29 publications

References 33 publications

Does domestic violence during pregnancy influence the beginning of complementary feeding?

Does domestic violence during pregnancy influence the beginning of complementary feeding?

The Effect of Maternal Depressive Symptoms on Infant Feeding Practices in Rural Ethiopia: Community Based Birth Cohort Study

Intimate partner violence is associated with poorer maternal mental health and breastfeeding practices in Bangladesh

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