Maternal employment and child care decision

Coneus, Katja; Goeggel, Kathrin; Muehler, Grit

doi:10.1093/oep/gpn047

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Until quite recently, Germany would have been classified as a conservative welfare state: it had a strong male-breadwinner model and a tax code that benefited families conforming to that model, a high value on the mother’s care of young children, high wages and protection for the core male work force, and a generous maternal leave policy (Esping-Andersen 1990, 1999; Lewis et al 2008; Spiess and Wrohlich 2008). Especially in West Germany there is low availability of child-care slots for children aged less than three years; child care for children aged 3–6 as well as primary school is half-day, thus doing little to ease the incompatibility between the mother and worker roles; there is limited development of a private child-care market; and there is heavy reliance on grandparents and other relatives for child care (Coneus et al 2009; Hoem 2005; Kreyenfeld 2004; Wrohlich 2008). Germany’s TFR has been below replacement since the early 1970s (under 1.5 much of that time), and its population size has been declining since 2003 (Dorbritz 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of concern about population aging and its attendant socioeconomic consequences, German policymakers on both the left and the right have initiated a policy paradigm shift, recently adopting Nordic-style policies (Coneus et al 2009; Dorbritz 2008; Lewis et al 2008; Ruling 2008). For example, a December 2008 law establishes the right to a child-care slot for all preschool children age one and above by 2013.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Child‐Care Availability and Fertility in Norway

Rindfuss

Guilkey

Morgan

et al. 2010

Population & Development Rev

154

109

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The child-care and fertility hypothesis has been in the literature for a long time and is straightforward: As child care becomes more available, affordable, and acceptable, the antinatalist effects of increased female educational attainment and work opportunities decrease. As an increasing number of countries express concern about low fertility, the child-care and fertility hypothesis takes on increased importance. Yet data and statistical limitations have heretofore limited empirical tests of the hypothesis. Using rich longitudinal data and appropriate statistical methodology, We show that increased availability of child care increases completed fertility. Moreover, this positive effect of child-care availability is found at every parity transition. We discuss the generalizability of these results to other settings and their broader importance for understanding variation and trends in low fertility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child‐Care Availability and Fertility in Norway

Rindfuss

Guilkey

Morgan

et al. 2010

Population & Development Rev

154

109

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“…First, decisions about a mother's labor supply and her child's child care attendance are jointly determined. This simultaneity of mothers' choice about working and sending children to child care hampers causal identification of this relationship in simple OLS models (see, e.g., Coneus et al 2009). Second, mothers who send their children to kindergarten could be systematically different from mothers who do not and these differences might also influence labor market outcomes.…”

Section: The Expansion Of Public Child Care In Germany As a Quasi-expmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public child care and mothers' labor supply—Evidence from two quasi-experiments

Bauernschuster

Schlotter

2015

Journal of Public Economics

219

147

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Public child care is expected to assist families in reconciling work with family life. Yet, empirical evidence for the relevance of public child care to maternal employment is inconclusive. We exploit the introduction of a legal claim to a place in kindergarten in Germany, which was contingent on day-of-birth cut-off dates and resulted in a marked increase in kindergarten attendance of three-year olds in the following years. Instrumental variable and difference-indifferences estimations on two individual-level data sets yield large and positive effects of public child care on maternal employment. A set of placebo treatment tests corroborate the validity of our identification strategies. Terms of use: Documents in EconStor mayJEL-Code: J220, J130, D040.

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“…The perception of work-family balance is dependent on the working conditions. Employment in the public sector, compared to the private sector, contributes to work-family balance as a result of the tight legal pressure for employment protection and compliance to regulation in general (Boca et al, 2009;Coneus et al, 2009). This is particularly the case in Korea, where policy measures for work-family balance have been strongly initiated by the government, and, thus, the public sector is utilized as an exemplar of the best practices for the given measures (Hwang and Kim, 2013;Won and Lee, 2013).…”

Section: Working Status and Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

State Policy? Traditional Gender Stereotypes? Relative Contributions of Factors Affecting Positive Work–Family Interface for Working Mothers in Korea

Won¹

2015

Gender Work & Organization

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This study explores the gap between policy rhetoric and the reality faced by Korean working mothers, by addressing the following question; whether and to what extent do policy measures for work–family balance contribute to positive work–family interface for working mothers? Although the Korean government has advocated a positive relation between state policy and satisfaction with work–family balance, this is not necessarily the case in practice. To this end, this study focuses on the relative contribution of policy measures to achieve work–family balance reported by working mothers, in relative to traditional gender stereotypes based on Confucian culture as well as working conditions. An empirical analysis with 1,082 Korean working mothers shows interesting findings. First of all, the contribution of policy towards the reported satisfaction in work–family balance is not supported, while the set of traditional gender stereotypes is found to be a negative contributor. Husbands’ psychological support for their wives’ employment, which seems to strengthen the impact of traditional gender stereotypes, follows. The implications of the findings are discussed in depth, by considering the relationships between policy outcomes and traditional gender stereotypes in Korea.

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Maternal employment and child care decision

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Child‐Care Availability and Fertility in Norway

Child‐Care Availability and Fertility in Norway

Public child care and mothers' labor supply—Evidence from two quasi-experiments

State Policy? Traditional Gender Stereotypes? Relative Contributions of Factors Affecting Positive Work–Family Interface for Working Mothers in Korea

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