Maternal dietary PUFAs intake and human milk content relationships during the first month of lactation

Scopesi, F.; Ciangherotti, S.; Lantieri, P. B.; Risso, Davide; Bertini, I; Campone, F.; Pedrotti, A.; Bonacci, W; Serra, Gino

doi:10.1054/clnu.2001.0464

Cited by 61 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The MUFA content in mature milk was very stable at different time points of the study. However, the MUFA content was lower than given in the ER (34.42-44.90% wt/wt) [19] and much lower than the values found in Mediterranean countries, with very low levels of oleic acid [5,[19][20][21] . Oleic acid levels in mature milk are very low (26.36 8 3.24 to 27.34 8 3.01% wt/wt) when compared with the data obtained by Rueda et al [20] and López-López et al [21] in Spain (42.00 and 39.63% wt/wt, respectively).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

“…sion of FAs to human milk throughout the length of lactation (from colostrum to mature milk) [5,6] . In contrast to saturated FAs (SFAs) and monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs), which can be synthesized de novo from other FAs or carbohydrates, EFAs, such as LA and LnA, are entirely dependent upon the supply from human milk [5] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to saturated FAs (SFAs) and monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs), which can be synthesized de novo from other FAs or carbohydrates, EFAs, such as LA and LnA, are entirely dependent upon the supply from human milk [5] . EFAs are the precursors of LC-PUFAs with 20 and 22 carbon atoms.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fatty Acid Profile of Human Milk of Portuguese Lactating Women: Prospective Study from the 1st to the 16th Week of Lactation

et al. 2008

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Background/Aims: Fatty acid (FA) composition varies over the course of the day and during lactation. The aim of this study was to evaluate FA composition and its compositional stability in human milk, from day 7 to week 16 of lactation. Methods: Human milk was collected from all feedings over 24 h at day 7 and weeks 4, 8, 12 and 16 of lactation in 31 lactating women. FAs were analyzed through gas chromatography. Comparisons were made with analysis of variance. Results: Total monounsaturated FAs decreased from 33.04 ± 2.58% wt/wt at day 7 to 31.48 ± 3.32% wt/wt at week 16 of lactation, much at the expenses of the decrease in the major monounsaturated FA found in human milk, oleic acid. Main polyunsaturated FAs n-6 and n-3 showed fluctuations from day 7 up to week 16 of lactation, but with no statistical significance. Arachidonic acid significantly decreased from transitional to mature milk. Conclusions: The FA profile obtained throughout the study time points presented very low levels of oleic acid and very high linoleic acid/α-linoleic acid ratios which reflect recent changes in Portuguese women’s food patterns. Despite this, the ascorbate/dehydroascorbate ratio remained constant during the study, suggesting a protective metabolic mechanism.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

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confidence: 99%

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Fatty Acid Profile of Human Milk of Portuguese Lactating Women: Prospective Study from the 1st to the 16th Week of Lactation

et al. 2008

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“…The content of PUFA in breast milk is, by and large, a reflection of the maternal diet (19,20). We obtained only one breast milk sample per participant, which may not be a reliable reflection of the infant's PUFA supply throughout the lactation period.…”

Section: Strengths and Weaknessesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyunsaturated fatty acid content of mother’s milk is associated with childhood body composition

et al. 2012

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“…In a study including 98 pregnant women during the last trimester of pregnancy, Dunstan et al 20 found that supplementation with fish oil is an effective way of improving the omega-3 fatty acid status of newborns. This inference shows the direct correlation between the mother's diet and LC-PUFA concentration in human milk, proving that frequent intake of fish during lactation helps to increase omega-3 fatty acid status [21][22][23] . However, there is controversy regarding the impact of the mother's diet on lipid profile since individual factors, such as adiposity and nutritional status, may also impact it 24 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Supplementation with the omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid: influence on the lipid composition and fatty acid profile of human milk

et al. 2013

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OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the impact of supplementing the diet of women during pregnancy and lactation with fish oil containing the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid, and its influence on the composition of human milk. METHODS: The sample comprised 60 women aged 18 to 38 years with appropriate dietary pattern, all of them healthy and nonsmokers. The intervention consisted of a daily supplementation with fish oil capsules that corresponded to a daily intake of 315mg of docosahexaenoic acid and 80mg of eicosapentaenoic acid during the third trimester of pregnancy and the first three months postpartum. The total fat content and fatty acid profile of their milk were determined by creamatocrit and gas chromatography. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis and the significance level was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference between the fat contents of the study (fish oil capsules) and control (capsules containing corn starch as filler) groups. However, the milk of women taking fish oil contained higher docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acid levels 30 and 60 days after delivery. These results demonstrate that high omega-3 intake can influence its concentration in human milk. CONCLUSIONS: Given the importance of docosahexaenoic acid in the neonatal period, it is appropriate for pregnant and breastfeeding women to supplement on long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, which may be done by adding fish oil to the regular diet.

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Maternal dietary PUFAs intake and human milk content relationships during the first month of lactation

Cited by 61 publications

References 31 publications

Fatty Acid Profile of Human Milk of Portuguese Lactating Women: Prospective Study from the 1st to the 16th Week of Lactation

Fatty Acid Profile of Human Milk of Portuguese Lactating Women: Prospective Study from the 1st to the 16th Week of Lactation

Polyunsaturated fatty acid content of mother’s milk is associated with childhood body composition

Supplementation with the omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid: influence on the lipid composition and fatty acid profile of human milk

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