Maternal and neonatal prevalence of toxoplasma and cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibodies and hepatitis-B antigens in an Egyptian rural area

El-Nawawy, Ahmed; Soliman, A.T.; Azzouni, O. El; Amer, E.-S.; Karim, Md. Abdul; Demian, Saba D.E.; Sayed, Mohammed E.

doi:10.1016/s0378-3782(97)81296-0

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Le dépistage systéma-tique de l'infection par le CMV durant la grossesse ne paraît donc pas justifié dans notre pays. La prévalence élevée de CMV que nous décrivons rejoint celle décrite dans le continent africain où l'infection est généralement acquise très tôt durant la petite enfance [7,13,33]. D'ailleurs dans notre série, le seul facteur de risque retrouvé pour l'infection par ce virus était la promiscuité durant l'enfance ; cela dénotant des contacts étroits entre enfants favorisant la transmission du virus [31].…”

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Séroépidémiologie de la rubéole, de la varicelle et des infections par le cytomégalovirus et le parvovirus B19 chez les femmes enceintes dans la région de Sousse, Tunisie

Hannachi¹,

Marzouk²,

Harrabi

et al. 2011

Bull. Soc. Pathol. Exot.

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The aim of the study is to evaluate seroprevalence of rubella virus (RV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), varicella zoster virus (VZV), and parvovirus B19 (PB19) in 404 Tunisian pregnant women, and to determine reliability of maternal past history of eruption. Sociodemographic characteristics, risk factors, and past history of eruption were collected through a questionnaire. Serologic tests were performed using enzyme immunoassays. Risk factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Seroprevalences were 79.7% for rubella, 96.3% for CMV, 80.9% for VZV, and 76.2% for PB19. In multivariate analysis, the number of persons per room (> 2) in the house during childhood was associated with CMV infection (P = 0.004), irregular professional husband's activity was correlated with VZV infection (P = 0.04), and an age of more than 30 years was associated with PB19 infection (P = 0.02). History of rubella, varicella, and PB19 infection was unknown for, respectively, 55.8%, 20%, and 100% of women. False history of rubella and varicella were found for 7.4% and 15% of women, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) of rubella history were, respectively, 92.6% and 17.2%, and were, respectively, 84.9% and 20.9% for varicella history. Susceptibility to RV, VZV, and PB19 infection remains high in pregnancy in our population. Preventive strategies against congenital rubella must be reinforced. Vaccination against VZV should be considered in seronegative women. Systemic CMV screening is not warranted in our country where high immunity is acquired probably in childhood. Since maternal history of eruption is not reliable, we recommend serologic testing to determine immune status of women.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Séroépidémiologie de la rubéole, de la varicelle et des infections par le cytomégalovirus et le parvovirus B19 chez les femmes enceintes dans la région de Sousse, Tunisie

Hannachi¹,

Marzouk²,

Harrabi

et al. 2011

Bull. Soc. Pathol. Exot.

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“…En Afrique, surtout dans les pays maghrébins et islamiques, les séroprévalences se rapprochent de celles de notre étude, en raison d'habitudes alimentaires, culturelles et religieuses similaires [7][8][9]. En Europe, la séroprévalence est variable.…”

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État actuel de la toxoplasmose dans la région de Sfax, Tunisie

Sellami

Amri

Cheikhrouhou

et al. 2009

Bull. Soc. Pathol. Exot.

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The frequency of toxoplasmosis depends on life-style and environment. Our objective was to study different epidemiological, clinical and biological aspects of toxoplasmosis in the Sfax area (Tunisia). This retrospective study has been performed on seria of 40,566 pregnant women in the Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory of Habib-Bourguiba Sfax hospital-Tunisia for 13 years from 1994 to 2006; 1,691 patients presenting with lymphadenopathy; 191 immunocompromised patients (78 HIV infected patients and 113 transplanted patients) and 21 patients presenting clinical signs of ocular toxoplasmosis. In pregnant women, the seroprevalence was 39.3% (15,952/40,567). Among 24,089 seronegative women, only 6,890 (28.6%) had been followed up during their pregnancy. An active toxoplasmosis possibly acquired during pregnancy was detected in 1.3% of cases. Sixteen congenital toxoplasmosis were detected. Toxoplasmosis was confirmed in 13.7% of the 169 patients with lymphadenitis. For HIV positive patients, 11.7% had cerebral toxoplasmosis. It revealed the HIV infection in four cases. Among transplant recipients, one case of active toxoplasmosis was diagnosed in a renal transplant recipient who received transplant from a seronegative donor. Twenty-one patients presenting toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis were treated by subconjonctival injections of clindamycin and systemic corticotherapy at a dose of 1 mg/kg per day. This clinical toxoplasmosis diversity explains the need for bioclinical confrontation to establish diagnosis.

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“…Serological survey in India, Russia and Singapore also showed high cytomegalovirus sero-prevalence (62-90%) among antenatal population [6][7][8] . Studies in Brazil, Egypt and Turkey showed even a higher antenatal cytomegalovirus IgG seroprevalence (87% and 95.7%) [9][10][11] . In the present study, 32% of the women were cytomegalovirus IgG seronegative and were susceptible to primary cytomegalovirus infection during pregnancy.…”

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Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus antibody in antenatal population in Bangladesh

Ashrafunnessa

Khatun

Islam

et al. 2010

Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull

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Maternal and neonatal prevalence of toxoplasma and cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibodies and hepatitis-B antigens in an Egyptian rural area

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Séroépidémiologie de la rubéole, de la varicelle et des infections par le cytomégalovirus et le parvovirus B19 chez les femmes enceintes dans la région de Sousse, Tunisie

Séroépidémiologie de la rubéole, de la varicelle et des infections par le cytomégalovirus et le parvovirus B19 chez les femmes enceintes dans la région de Sousse, Tunisie

État actuel de la toxoplasmose dans la région de Sfax, Tunisie

Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus antibody in antenatal population in Bangladesh

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