Material Density Hepatic Steatosis Quantification on Intravenous Contrast-Enhanced Rapid Kilovolt (Peak)–Switching Single-Source Dual-Energy Computed Tomography

Abstract

The RSDE milligram-per-milliliter fat values correlate well with hepatic steatosis defined by the L-S difference less than 1 on conventional MDCT. A threshold of 1027 mg/mL can identify 90% of steatotic livers when post-IV contrast RSDE is used, without obtaining additional CU scans. However, regression equations were not helpful to convert an individual participant's milligram-per-milliliter fat or milligram-per-milliliter water-derived from RSDE material density images to CU MDCT HU for the estimation of liver fat content.

Dual-Energy Multidetector CT for the Characterization of Incidental Adrenal Nodules: Diagnostic Performance of Contrast-enhanced Material Density Analysis

“…Material decomposition analysis is another way that dual-energy multidetector CT could be used to characterize adrenal nodules (16,17). By using this technique, the presence of specific substances in human tissues, including either fat and water or intravenously administered iodinated contrast material, can be determined by analyzing the difference in absorption characteristics at two different energy levels (16,17).…”

“…By using this technique, the presence of specific substances in human tissues, including either fat and water or intravenously administered iodinated contrast material, can be determined by analyzing the difference in absorption characteristics at two different energy levels (16,17). Projection data derived from a dual-energy acquisition are then decomposed into material basis pairs (eg, fat and iodine), which can be used to quantify material content (16)(17)(18).…”

Comparative Study of Ultrasonography, Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for the Diagnosis of Fatty Liver in a Rat Model

“…When scanned with different energy (140 and 80 kVp), fatty livers have shown greater changes in attenuation than normal livers (21). In our study, the ability of DECT to quantify a fatty liver and using a threshold cut-off HUD value of 2.5 for diagnosing fatty liver had a high sensitivity (100%) but relatively low specificity (60%).…”

“…Several studies have used US, CT, and MRI to evaluate a fatty liver (9)(10)(11)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32). Some studies have compared two or three imaging modalities for the diagnosis of a fatty liver (13,18,29,30,32,33).…”

Differentiating malignant vertebral tumours from non-malignancies with CT spectral imaging: a preliminary study

“…A series of quantitative parameters could be obtained from iodine-based and water-based material decomposition images and a set of monochromatic images. DESCT imaging has already found use in reducing radiation dose and metal artefacts, improving diagnostic performance such as differential diagnoses, and detecting small lesions [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate the value of DESCT for differentiating malignant vertebral tumours (MVT) from non-malignant vertebral tumours (NMVT) during venous phase.…”