Mast cells, mediators and asthma

HOLGATE, S.T.; KAY, A. B.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1985.tb02279.x

Cited by 54 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Provocation of the airway by inhaled allergens is followed by bronchospasm and airway smooth muscle thickening, and accumulation of eosinophils in mucosa and in bronchoalveolar lavage also occurs [1,3]. In addition, according to analyses of bronchial biopsies and lavage samples removed from allergen-exposed asthmatics, contributing to the earlier asthmatic response (EAR) and late asthmatic response (LAR) after allergen challenge [4,5], IgE-dependent activation of mast cells is present with degranulation and subsequent release of several mediators such as histamine, prostanoids and leukotrienes into the lumen of the airway. It is generally agreed that the EAR reaches a peak at about 5-30 min after challenge and lasts for around 2 hours, and in more than 50% of atopic asthmatic patients, the EAR is followed by the LAR, which occurs 4-12 h after challenge and lasts for several hours, even up to a couple of days [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is generally agreed that the EAR reaches a peak at about 5-30 min after challenge and lasts for around 2 hours, and in more than 50% of atopic asthmatic patients, the EAR is followed by the LAR, which occurs 4-12 h after challenge and lasts for several hours, even up to a couple of days [6]. The development of allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness is correlated with the LAR [7], in which an increase in the quantity of airway inflammatory cells, particularly eosinophils, can be observed in induced sputum [4,6]. A number of small animal models such as mice, rats and guinea pigs have been developed for asthma study, in which the LAR occurs in the airway of sensitized animals after exposure to antigens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inhibitory effects of inhaled complex traditional Chinese medicine on early and late asthmatic responses induced by ovalbumin in sensitized guinea pigs

Chang

Gong

Chen

et al. 2011

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundMany formulae of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been used for antiasthma treatment dating back many centuries. There is evidence to suggest that TCMs are effective as a cure for this allergenic disease administered via gastric tubes in animal studies; however, their efficacy, safety and side effects as an asthmatic therapy are still unclear.MethodsIn this study, guinea pigs sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) were used as an animal model for asthma challenge, and the sensitization of animals by bronchial reactivity to methacholine (Mch) and the IgE concentration in the serum after OVA challenge were estimated. Complex traditional Chinese herbs (CTCM) were administered to the animals by nebulization, and the leukocytes were evaluated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF).ResultsThe results showed that inhalation of CTCM could abolish the increased lung resistance (13-fold increase) induced by challenge with OVA in the early asthmatic response (EAR), reducing to as low as baseline (1-fold). Moreover, our results indicated higher IgE levels (range, 78-83 ng/ml) in the serum of sensitized guinea pigs than in the unsensitized controls (0.9 ± 0.256 ng/ml). In addition, increased total leukocytes and higher levels of eosinophils and neutrophils were seen 6 hours after challenge, and the increased inflammatory cells were reduced by treatment with CTCM inhalation. The interleukin-5 (IL-5) level in BALF was also reduced by CTCM.ConclusionOur findings indicate a novel method of administering traditional Chinese medicines for asthma treatment in an animal model that may be more effective than traditional methods.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory effects of inhaled complex traditional Chinese medicine on early and late asthmatic responses induced by ovalbumin in sensitized guinea pigs

Chang

Gong

Chen

et al. 2011

BMC Complement Altern Med

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Wheals and Erythematous Papules in a Generalized Distribution

Lo¹

1989

Arch Dermatol

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A 15-year-old girl presented to the Department of Dermatology complaining of a generalized, suddenonset, pruritic, cutaneous eruption following intermittent nausea and vomitting for 5 days. Her medical history was significant for infrequent recurrent transient attacks of the same generalized pruritic eruption since age 2 weeks. The patient stated that she had been treated in the past with cyproheptadine, diphenhydramine, and hydroxyzine. She had recently had streptococcal pharyngitis and infectious mononucleosis, which preceded the onset of the cutaneous eruption. She also admitted to missing her two previous menstrual periods. She was receiving no medications and denied any history of drug abuse.Physical examination disclosed wheals and erythematous papules in a generalized distribution. Firm stroking of the skin produced new wheals (Fig 1).A skin biopsy specimen was taken from the right foramen. The result of the biopsy is illustrated in Figs 2 and 3.

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Immunotoxicology and Risk Assessment

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Mast cells, mediators and asthma

Cited by 54 publications

References 42 publications

Inhibitory effects of inhaled complex traditional Chinese medicine on early and late asthmatic responses induced by ovalbumin in sensitized guinea pigs

Inhibitory effects of inhaled complex traditional Chinese medicine on early and late asthmatic responses induced by ovalbumin in sensitized guinea pigs

Wheals and Erythematous Papules in a Generalized Distribution

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