Massive Hemoptysis

Crocco, John A.

doi:10.1001/archinte.1968.03640060009002

Cited by 200 publications

(74 citation statements)

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“…Conservative management in massive haemoptysis carries a 50-100% mortality rate [1,2] and mortality rates as high as 40% have been reported following emergency surgical intervention [3]. Bronchial artery embolisation (BAE) is a minimally invasive alternative treatment, and is now considered to be the most effective non-surgical treatment in controlling haemoptysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immediate and long-term outcomes of bronchial and non-bronchial systemic artery embolisation for the management of haemoptysis

2009

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immediate and long-term outcomes of bronchial and non-bronchial systemic artery embolisation for the management of haemoptysis

2009

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“…Hemoptizi uzun süreli trakeostomilerde beklenen bir komplikasyondur (Trakeostomi ilişkili). Alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonları vakaların %40'ından fazlasını oluşturur (13). Nekrotizan pnömoni, akciğer apsesi, tüberküloz, enfekte bronşektazi gibi enfeksiyonlar akciğer parankiminde destrüksiyona, kan damarlarında erozyona yol açıp hemoptizi yapar.…”

Section: Etyoloji̇unclassified

Hemoptysis in Childhood: Causes And Treatment

Pekcan¹

2015

Toraks Cer Bult

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Hemoptysis is the expectoration of hemorrhage originating from the tracheobronchial tree or lung parenchyma. Hemoptysis is a rare complaint in the pediatric population. It is most commonly of infectious etiology and is rarely life-threatening. Acute lower respiratory tract infections are the most common causes and include tracheobronchitis, pneumonia, and, less commonly, lung abscesses. Other causes include tracheostomy-related bleeding, bronchiectasis, tracheobronchial vascular anomalies, alveolar hemorrhage, respiratory tract foreign body or trauma, endobronchial tumors, aspiration of blood of gastrointestinal or upper aerodigestive tract origin, alveolar hemorrhage syndromes, and pulmonary thromboembolism. Hemoptysis in the pediatric patient presenting to the pediatrician warrants aggressive evaluation. The symptom is worrisome to the patient and parent, and the source can be both elusive and life-threatening. The patient history is often limited, and the physical exam is frequently non-specific. Treatment options focus on the etiology and include antibiotics for infectious causes and cystic fibrosis exacerbations, tracheostomy care modifications, steroids for and pulmonary hemosiderosis, and endoscopic removal of foreign body or endobronchial mass when indicated. Hemoptysis in the pediatric patient requires prompt and thorough evaluation and treatment. An efficient systematic evaluation is imperative in identifying the underlying etiology, and aggressive management is important because of the potential severity of the problem. Key words: Child, lung, hemorrhage, hemoptysis, diagnosis, treatment Özet Hemoptizi; trakeobronşiyal ağaç ya da akciğer parankiminden kaynaklanan kanamanın ekspektorasyonudur. Hemoptizi çocukluk çağında nadirdir. Genellikle enfeksiyoz nedenlidir ve nadiren yaşamı tehtid eder. Trakeobronşit, pnömoni ve daha az sıklıkla akciğer apselerini içeren akut alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonları en sık nedenleri içerir. Diğer nedenler trakeostomi ilişkili kanama, bronşektazi, trakeobronşiyal vasküler anomalileri, alveolar kanama, solunum yolu yabancı cisimleri veya travma, endobronşiyal tümörler, üst solunum yolu ve sindirim sistemi kökenli kanama, alveol ve pulmoner tromboemboliyi içerir. Hemoptizi ile gelen çocuk hastaların kliniği hekim tarafından agresif bir şekilde değer-lendirilmelidir. Şikayet ve belirti hasta ve ebeveyni endişelen-dirir, hemoptizi nedeni yaşamı tehdit edici olabilir. Hastanın öyküsü ve fizik muayene genellikle sınırlıdır ve sıklıkla özellik taşımaz. Tedavi seçeneklerinde etiyolojiye odaklanılır, enfeksiyöz nedenler ve kistik fibroz alevlenmelerinde antibiyotik tedavisi, pulmoner hemosiderosisde steroid, yabancı cisim ya da endobronşiyal kitle varlığında endoskopik çıkarılma yapılır. Çocuk hastada hemoptizi zamanında, kapsamlı bir değerlendirme ve tedavi gerektirir. Altta yatan problem ciddiyet taşıyabileceği için, problemi tanımlama ve agresif olarak yönetilmesi için uygun bir sistematik değerlendirme zorunludur.

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“…Entscheidend ist vor allem wie viel Blut in welcher Zeit ausgehustet wird. Im Krankengut von Crocco betrug die Letalität 71% bei einer Hämoptoe mit 600 ml abgehustetem Blut in bis zu 4 h. Sie fiel auf 22% bei 600 ml Blut in 16 h und auf 5% bei 600 ml Blut in 48 h [2].…”

Section: Hämoptysenunclassified

“…Die Operation ist die invasivste Massnahme und ihr Stellenwert wird noch immer kontrovers diskutiert [2,3,4,10,11,13,34,35,36,37,38,39]. Einschätzungen über die Indikation und Angaben über die Mortalität schwanken erheblich (4-70%).…”

Section: Operative Therapieunclassified

H�moptysen

2004

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Hemoptysis is a potentially life-threatening complication of various diseases. The most common causes are infectious and inflammatory processes, followed by neoplasms, pulmonary embolisms, mitral stenoses, coagulopathies, and multiple systemic disorders. Primary examinations include a chest x-ray, an angio CT and a bronchoscopy. Sometimes, a bronchial artery angiogram is required. The patient is at risk of suffocation because blood and clots can severely obstruct his airways. Thus, the most important measures are: supplemental oxygen, positioning the patient with the bleeding side down, bronchoscopical suctioning and removal of blood and clots. Coagulopathies have to be corrected. Application of vasoactive drugs may help temporarily. In cases of bleeding from central lesions, coagulation with laser or argon-plasma-coagulator is feasible. Heavy bleeding from the periphery requires a balloon or tube tamponade. Depending on the cause and the severity of the bleeding either anti-inflammatory medical treatment, hemostyptic radiation therapy, bronchial artery embolisation or a surgical procedure must follow.

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Massive Hemoptysis

Cited by 200 publications

References 0 publications

Immediate and long-term outcomes of bronchial and non-bronchial systemic artery embolisation for the management of haemoptysis

Immediate and long-term outcomes of bronchial and non-bronchial systemic artery embolisation for the management of haemoptysis

Hemoptysis in Childhood: Causes And Treatment

H�moptysen

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