Mass Transfer of Carbaryl from Pure Water to Salt Aqueous Solution: Result Comparison Between Sea and Lab-Made Water

Abstract

It is well known that mass transfer of a solid compound into a liquid phase is characterized by mutual properties of both sides. Solubilization capacity of the liquid phase is primary affected by its composition in inorganic species inducing salting in/ out effect evaluated by Setschenow constant, generally defined at 298.15 K. On the other hand, the equilibrium process is highly influenced by polar compatibility issue. Therefore, the study of such transfer is essential in order to set the role of each party participating in the solid-liquid equilibrium. Thus, a comparison of transfer magnitude and feasibility of carbaryl from pure water, to seawater, and lab-made seawater was held. To do so, solubility of the compound was experimented at different temperature in multiple media. Solubility determination is based on the saturation of a specific heated fluid passing through a saturation cell. The solute transported is subsequently trapped in a specific extraction column. Back flashing method is then applied to dissolve the compound. After validation, aqueous solubility of carbaryl was studied as function of temperature ranging from (273.15 to 318.15 K) at atmospheric pressure. In addition, solubility was determined in pure, seawater, and corresponding labmade water, thus solubility values ranged from 3.57E-06 to 3.49E-05 in pure water, from 3.04E-06 to 2.53E-05 in seawater and from 6.51E-06 to 3.61E-05 in lab-made water. As a result, thermophysical properties of transfer and usage of lab-made water on the mass transfer properties divergence was spotted. The Salting out phenomenon observed for carbaryl was interpreted by the internal pressure theory that suggests the reduction of internal cavities in the presence of salt, making solubilization process more difficult to achieve. Thus, showing an overall endogenic process with a positive Gibbs free energy of transfer that is highly affected by the magnitude of Water Air Soil Pollut (

Mass transfer of non-polar heavy hydrocarbons in aqueous phase

“…Second is the saturation where fluid is saturated. Third is the analysis part where final composition is determined [1,14]. The solvent is delivered by high pressure low stream pump with high accuracy.…”

“…Although the experimental procedure was validated in previous publication [14], the solubility study of PAH and the modification over the experimental procedure lead us to new validation process using a polyaromatic molecule. Thus, fluoranthene (C 16 H 10 ) was chosen, it presents 3 aromatic rings and an estimated solubility of 3E-8 at 298.15 K. Solubility of fluoranthene was studied in pure water in a temperature range between 298.15 K and 338.15 K. The quantification was done by internal standard calibration method benzo(a)pyrene used as internal standard) using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer.…”