Mass transfer coefficient correlations for volatilization of organic solutes from water

Mackay, Donald; Yeun, Andrew T. K.

doi:10.1021/es00110a006

Cited by 334 publications

(252 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This relationship was developed on wind speed range from 0 to 6.8 m s\ . The k -model developed for the WSS predicts approximately two times larger values than the model of Mackay and Yeun (1983) (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Models Developed From Wss Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Due to these factors, "eld and laboratory data often show large discrepancies. Generally, laboratory experiments tend to overestimate gas exchange rates that occur in natural environments (Schwarzenbach et al, 1993;Mackay and Yeun, 1983). It has been shown that natural organic materials can coat the air}water interface of natural waters and inhibit gas transfer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mass transfer coe$cients of water vapor, oxygen (O ) and carbon dioxide (CO ) have been related to wind speed by many researchers (Schwarzenbach et al, 1993;Wanninkhof, 1992;Mackay and Yeun, 1983;Thibodeaux, 1979). O and CO are commonly used as reference substances to measure k since their gas exchange depends only on liquid phase resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…number, Sc " /D is the Schmidt number, Re"u L/ is the Reynolds number, "!1/[y #M / (M !M )] is the concentration coe$cient of volume expansion (i, interface), M and M are the molecular weight of water vapor and air; L (cm) is the length of deposition surface; u (m s\ ) is the wind speed at 10 m; g (cm s\ ) is the gravitational acceleration; y is the water vapor concentration; (cm s\ ) is the kinematic viscosity of air; D (cm s\ ) is the di!usivity of water vapor in air; and f, n, and B are subscripts denoting forced evaporation, natural evaporation, and water vapor respectively. Mackay and Yeun (1983) developed a similar model for k by measuring the volatilization rates of 11 organic compounds in a wind-wave tank. k values of organic compounds were adjusted for O and the following equation was developed:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Mass transfer coefficients for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to the water surface sampler:

Odabaşı

Sofuoğlu

Holsen

2001

Atmospheric Environment

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Section: Models Developed From Wss Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mass transfer coefficients for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to the water surface sampler:

Odabaşı

Sofuoğlu

Holsen

2001

Atmospheric Environment

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“…The bulk of the empirical u10-based parameterizations undervalues the accuracy of the kw estimated under the lowest winds and make it asymptotically tending to zero as well. The parameterizations by Mackay and Yeun [87], McGillis et al [84], Wanninkhof et al [19] and Johnson [20] propose eliminating this misrepresentation of reality by making kw asymptotically tend to a constant. Arguably, the accurate estimation of kw under low wind speeds becomes more relevant when studying the coastal ocean and inland waters, and extended physically-based algorithms are better suited for the task.…”

Section: Transfer Velocity Estimates From Field Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

The FuGas 2.3 Framework for Atmosphere–Ocean Coupling: Comparing Algorithms for the Estimation of Solubilities and Gas Fluxes

et al. 2018

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Accurate estimates of the atmosphere-ocean fluxes of greenhouse gases and dimethyl sulphide (DMS) have great importance in climate change models. A significant part of these fluxes occur at the coastal ocean which, although much smaller than the open ocean, have more heterogeneous conditions. Hence, Earth System Modelling (ESM) requires representing the oceans at finer resolutions which, in turn, requires better descriptions of the chemical, physical and biological processes. The standard formulations for the solubilities and gas transfer velocities across air-water surfaces are 36 and 24 years old, and new alternatives have emerged. We have developed a framework combining the related geophysical processes and choosing from alternative formulations with different degrees of complexity. The framework was tested with fine resolution data from the European coastal ocean. Although the benchmark and alternative solubility formulations generally agreed well, their minor divergences yielded differences of up to 5.8% for CH 4 dissolved at the ocean surface. The transfer velocities differ strongly (often more than 100%), a consequence of the benchmark empirical wind-based formulation disregarding significant factors that were included in the alternatives. We conclude that ESM requires more comprehensive simulations of atmosphere-ocean interactions, and that further calibration and validation is needed for the formulations to be able to reproduce it. We propose this framework as a basis to update with formulations for processes specific to the air-water boundary, such as the presence of surfactants, rain, the hydration reaction or biological activity.

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Air‐sea exchange of methanol and acetone during HiWinGS: Estimation of air phase, water phase gas transfer velocities

Yang

Blomquist

2014

JGR Oceans

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The air-sea fluxes of methanol and acetone were measured concurrently using a protontransfer-reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) with the eddy covariance (EC) technique during the High Wind Gas Exchange Study (HiWinGS) in 2013. The seawater concentrations of these compounds were also measured twice daily with the same PTR-MS coupled to a membrane inlet. Dissolved concentrations near the surface ranged from 7 to 28 nM for methanol and from 3 to 9 nM for acetone. Both gases were consistently transported from the atmosphere to the ocean as a result of their low sea surface saturations. The largest influxes were observed in regions of high atmospheric concentrations and strong winds (up to 25 m s 21 ). Comparison of the total air-sea transfer velocity of these two gases (K a ), along with the in situ sensible heat transfer rate, allows us to constrain the individual gas transfer velocity in the air phase (k a ) and water phase (k w ). Among existing parameterizations, the scaling of k a from the COARE model is the most consistent with our observations. The k w we estimated is comparable to the tangential (shear driven) transfer velocity previously determined from measurements of dimethyl sulfide. Lastly, we estimate the wet deposition of methanol and acetone in our study region and evaluate the lifetimes of these compounds in the surface ocean and lower atmosphere with respect to total (dry plus wet) atmospheric deposition.

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Mass transfer coefficient correlations for volatilization of organic solutes from water

Cited by 334 publications

References 15 publications

Mass transfer coefficients for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to the water surface sampler:

Mass transfer coefficients for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to the water surface sampler:

The FuGas 2.3 Framework for Atmosphere–Ocean Coupling: Comparing Algorithms for the Estimation of Solubilities and Gas Fluxes

Air‐sea exchange of methanol and acetone during HiWinGS: Estimation of air phase, water phase gas transfer velocities

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