Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

HE broad survey of the literature of mass spectrometry T attempted in the preceding review (61) is continued in the present one on the premise of expanded mutual interests of chemists and physicists in the many fields of science t o which mass spectrometry contributes. An effort has been made to include papers, especially of foreign origin, published too late t o be included in the previous review.Activity in mass spectrometry continues to increase in scope and intensity. Aside from the magnitude of the present review, comprehensive accounts of the theory, instrumentation, and applicatjons of mass spectrometry (16, 84, 160,208,209,230) attest to this fact. Other reviews (57, 66,149,167,181, 182, 191, 2565,257) consider recent developments and applications in varying detail, stressing for the most part chemical and isotopic analysis. INSTRUMEYTATION, METHODS AND TECHNIQUESWattauch (903,204) gives an extensive description of the various types of electrical and magnetic field arrangements used in conventional instruments for precise mass measurements. He also reports a method for determining dispersion in mass spectrography (207). The construction of a Mattauch-type mass spectrograph with a resolution of about 1/12,000 is reported by Delfosse and NBve de Mevergnies (59). Herzog (140) describes a new instrument with anastigmatic image which utilizes a combination of a spherical condenser and a homogeneous magnetic field. A new instrument utilizing no magnetic field is described b y Paul and Steinwedel (246). Miller and coworkers (212) report the development and certain clinical applications of a port-

Disentangle Kinetic From Equilibrium Fractionation Using Primary (δ17O, δ18O, δD) and Secondary (Δ17O, dex) Stable Isotope Parameters on Samples From the Swiss Precipitation Network

“…Water isotope ratio measurements are among the first determinations done. The history reaches back to the early days of mass spectrometry (Aston, 1942;Ney and Mann, 1946;Nier and Roberts, 1951;Dibeler, 1954). Applications of mass spectrometry evolved rapidly with several developments on preparation systems of diverse samples (Epstein et al, 1951;den Boer and Borg, 1952;Dostrovsky and Klein, 1952;Friedman and Irsa, 1952;Graff and Rittenberg, 1952;Chinard and Enns, 1953;Dubbs, 1953;Washburn et al, 1953).…”

Early gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

“…or the first decade after its introduction in 1942, the commercial mass spectrometer was used almost entirely for quantitative analysis of volatile hydrocarbons [1][2][3]. Reports of the mass spectrometry of other compound types were appearing [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] in the early 1950s when the authors joined the Spectroscopy Laboratory at the Dow Chemical Company.…”

High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) Based Investigation of Small Molecule, Bioactive Secondary Metabolites as Probes in the Examination of Bacterial Resistance and Virulence

“…Throughout the early 1950's the speed of single scanning sectors greatly limited their ability to interface with GC, 33 while the expense associated with most composite sectors remained prohibitively high. 34 A number of the new time-of-flight (TOF) spectrometers were constructed and reported by 1956. 35 The goal of the early TOF designers was to create an instrument with the performance characteristics of a composite sector but with a higher scanning speed and at a lower cost.…”