“…The bitterness of peptides caused by the presence of hydrophobic amino acids (Phe, Gly, Val, Ala, Leu, Trp, Iso, Pro, and Met) at the C-or N-terminal, basic amino acids at the C-terminal, two hydrophobic amino acids at the C-terminal, or low-molecular-weight peptides (˂6 kDa) containing one or more hydrophobic amino acids, is one of the obstacles limiting the use of active peptides in seafood (Newman, O'Riordan, Jacquier, & O'Sullivan, 2015). Amino acid composition, DH, number of carbon atoms on the R-group of branched-chain amino acids, location, and concentration determine the bitterness of peptides (Leksrisompong, Gerard, Lopetcharat, & Drake, 2012).…”