Marrow cell induced osteogenesis in porous hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate: A comparative histomorphometric study of ectopic bone formation

Abstract

To investigate the bone formation ability of porous hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP), ceramic discs were implanted with or without rat marrow cells into subcutaneous sites in syngeneic rats. The discs of HA and TCP had identical microstructures: pore size was 190-230 microns, porosity was 50-60%, and they were fully interconnected. Implants without marrow cells (discs themselves) did not show bone formation, whereas implants with marrow cells showed bone formation in the pores of the ceramics. The bone formation of both HA and TCP occurred initially on the surface of the ceramic and progressed towards the center of the pore. The de novo bone was quantitated from decalcified serial sections of the implants. One month after implantation with marrow cells, the percentage fractions of the pore area filled with bone for implanted HA and TCP were 16.9 and 15.1, respectively. At 2 months after implantation with marrow cells, the fractions of bone were 34.3 and 30.9, respectively. These results indicate that both HA and TCP ceramics can show comparable osteogenic ability in the presence of marrow cells.

Recombinant growth/differentiation factor‐5 (GDF‐5) stimulates osteogenic differentiation of marrow mesenchymal stem cells in porous hydroxyapatite ceramic

“…8,28 -30 In this regard, we confirmed that TCP supported well the osteogenic response of MSCs. 30 Therefore, not only HA, but also TCP ceramics could be combined with GDF-5 and MSCs as osteogenic resorbable materials. Hasegawa et al 31 also reported that not only ceramics but also resorbable polymers such as poly-l-lactic acid are useful materials for culturing MSCs, resulting in osteogenic phenotype expression.…”

Spinal fusion using an autologous growth factor gel and a porous resorbable ceramic

“…A tissue engineering approach combining an osteoconductive biomaterial scaffold and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells has also been examined to heal or augment bone regeneration [10, 15,16,17,19,38,39]. This study examined the effects of autologous biological therapy through isolation of multiple growth factors using a twostage buffy coat (BC) sequestration protocol followed by concentration using an ultrafiltration device.…”

Paired evaluation of calvarial reconstruction with prototyped titanium implants with and without ceramic coating

“…It is generally reported in the literature that ceramic coatings improve the osseointegration of metallic scaffolds by promoting the filling of gaps between bone and implant 12 , enhancing bone contact with the implant surface 11,28 and possessing osteoinductive properties 29,30 . However, the results of experimental studies comparing titanium implants with and without ceramic coatings have conflicting results, with evidence either of lack of benefit [31][32][33][34][35] or superior results 11,12,28,36 with bone growth acceleration 37 .…”